You are here

Home » Content

MİKROBİYOLOJİ VE KLİNİK MİKROBİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI DERİN MİKOZ LABORATUARINDA 01 NİSAN 1999- 27 MART 2001 ARASINDA AYRILAN MAYA VE KÜFLERİN TÜR DAĞILIMLARI VE DUYARLILIK PATERNİ

Journal Name:

  • Cerrahpaşa Tıp Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2002

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The purpose of this study was to characterize the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of yeast and mold strains isolated at deep mycoses laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology. The species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of the clinically significant yeast and mold isolates recovered from deep mycoses suspected patients’ specimens over a two year period were determined against amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, flucytosine and terbinaphyne using the M27-A and M38-P reference methods. Results.- A total of 146 yeast and 12 mould strains were isolated. C. albicans strains was %66.4 (97/146), and non-albicans Candida species were %33.6 (49/146). The frequency of various yeast species identified was Candida catenulata 1 (0.7%), C. glabrata 6 (4.1%), C.kefyr 4 (2.7%), C. krusei 6 (4.1%), C. lipolytica 3 (2.0%), C. lusitaniae 1 (0.7%), C.parapsilosis 8 (5.5%), C. rugosa 2 (1.4%), C. tropicalis 12 (8.2%), M. furfur 1 (0.7%), T.beigelii 3 (2.0%), Cryptococcus neoformans 2 (1.4%). The frequency of mold species identified Aspergillus flavus 4 (33.3%), A. fumigatus 2 (16.6%), A. niger 3 (25%), A.versicolor 1 (8.3%), Cladosporium cladosporioides 1 (8.3%), Scopulariopsis candida 1 (8.3%) and Cladosporium sp 1 (8.3%). Resistance to fluconazole (MIC > or = 64 micrograms/ml) as per NCCLS criteria was observed in 21 C. albicans (21.6%), 19 non-albicans Candida strains (38.8%); resistance to itraconazole (MIC > or = 1 micrograms/ml) in 31 C. albicans (32.2%), 15 nonalbicans Candida strains (30.6%) and resistance to flucytosine (MIC > or = 32 micrograms/ml) in 5 C. albicans (5.1%), 7 non-albicans Candida strains 7 (14.3%). Conclusion.- The present study indicates that Candida sp. are emerging as important pathogens in immunocompromised patients and the tendency of yeasts to develop resistance to antifungal agents and the appearance of species/strain specific susceptibility of molds, in vitro tests seem to be useful for patient management.
Bookmark/Search this post with
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Kliniklerinden Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı Derin Mikoz Laboratuarına gönderilen klinik örneklerdeki mantar türlerinin spektrumunu ve ayrılan maya ve küflerin antifungal duyarlılık paternini karakterize etmektir. İki yıllık bir sürede derin mikoz şüpheli hasta materyallerinden ayrılan anlaml ı maya ve küflerin tür dağılımı ve amfoterisin B, flukonazol, itrakonazol, ketokonazol, mikonazol, flusitozin ve terbinafin karşısındaki duyarlılıkları NCCLS referans M27-A ve M38-P yöntemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Toplam 146 maya ve 12 küf ayrılmışt ır. C. albicans’lar %66.4 (97/146) ve C. albicans dışı Candida’lar %33.6 (49/146) oranındadır. Ayrılan çeşitli maya türlerinin karşılaşma sıklığı C. catenulata 1 (% 0.7), C. glabrata 6 (%4.1), C. kefyr 4 (% 2.7), C. krusei 6 (%4.1), C. lipolytica 3 (% 2.0), C. lusitaniae 1 (%0.7), C. Parapsilosis 8 (% 5.5), C. rugosa 2 (% 1.4), C. tropicalis 12 (% 8.2), M. furfur 1 (% 0.7), T. beigelii 3 (% 2.0), Cryptococcus neoformans 2 (%1.4)’dir. İnfeksiyon etkeni olarak ayrılan küf mantarlarının sıklığı Aspergillus flavus 4 (%33.3), A. Fumigatus 2 (%16.6), A. niger 3 (%25), A. versicolor 1 (%8.3), Cladosporium cladosporioides 1 (%8.3), Scopulariopsis candida 1 (%8.3) ve Cladosporium sp 1 (% 8.3)’dir. NCCLS kriterlerine göre değerlendirildiğinde çalışmamızda FKZ için direnç (MIC ³64 mg/ml) C. albicans kökenlerinde 21 (%21.6), albicans dışı Candida türlerinde 19 (%38.8), İTZ’e direnç (MIC ³1 mg/ml) C. albicans kökenlerinde 31 (%32), albicans dışı Candida’larda 15 (%30.6), 5-FC’e karşı direnç (MIC ³32 mg/ml) C. albicans kökenlerinde 5 (% 5.1), albicans dışı Candida’larda 7 (% 14.3)’dir. Bu çalışma Candida türlerinin bağı- şıklığı zayıf hastalarda önemli patojenler olarak öne çıktığı ve antifungallere tedavi sırasında direnç geliştirme eğiliminde olan mayaların ve ayrıca şimdilik duyarlılıkları türe/kökene özgül görülen çeşitli küflerin antifungallere duyarlılık deneylerinin yapılmasının tedaviye yön vermek açısından yararlılığına işaret etmektedir.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
PDF icon arastirmax-mikrobiyoloji-klinik-mikrobiyoloji-anabilim-dali-derin-mikoz-laboratuarinda-01-nisan-1999-27-mart-2001-arasinda-ayrilan-maya-kuflerin-tur-dagilimlari-duyarlilik-paterni.pdf
  • 1
7-19
  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

1. Dupont B. Changing prevalence in systemic
fungal infections. Abstracts of 5th Congress of
the European Confederation of Medical
Mycology (3-6 June 1999, Dresden, Germany).
Mycoses 1999; 42: 131.
2. Lorf T, Braun F, Ruchel R, Muller A, Sattler B,
Ringe B. Systemic mycoses during
prophylactical use of liposomal amphotericin B
(Ambisome) after liver transplantation. Mycoses
1999; 1-2: 47-53.
3. Anaissie E. Opportunistic mycosis in the
immunocompromised host: experience at a
cancer center and review. Clin Infect Dis 1992;
14: 43-53.
4. Bodey GP, Rolston KVI. Deep fungal infections.
In: Armstrong D, Cohen J (eds). Infectious
Diseases. London: Mosby, 1999; 2.7.1-2.7.20.
5. van’t Wout JW. Fungal Infections and
antifungal drugs: has the age of antifungal
resistance dawned? Current Opinion õn
Infection Diseases 1996; 9: 63-66.
6. Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC,
Yolken RH (eds). Manual of Clinical
Microbiology. 6th ed. Washington DC: asm
Press, 1995; 709-722.
7. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM,
Schreckenberger PC, Washington CW Jr (Eds).
Diagnostic Microbiology. Fifth edition.
Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1997;
8. Buchanan KL. What makes Cryptococcus
neoformans a pathogen? Emerging Infect Dis
1998; 4: 16-22.
9. Hamilton AJ, Goodley J. Virulence factors of
Cryptococcus neoformans. Curr Top Med Mycol
1996; 19-42.
10.Latgé JP. Aspergillus fumigatus and
aspergillosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 2: 310-
350.
11.Denning DW. Invazive aspergillosis. Clin Infect
Dis 1998; 26: 781-805.
12.Wong-Beringera A, Hindler J, Barankovic L,
Muehlbauer L, Steele-Moore L. Clinical
applicability of antifungal susceptibility testing
on non-Candida albicans species in hospitalized
patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 1: 25-
31.
13. Waltimo TM, Orstavik D, Meurman JH,
Samaranayake LP, Haapasolo M. In vitro
susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates from
apical and marginal periodontitis to common
antifungal agents. Oral Microbiol Immunol
2000; 4: 245-248.
14.Rex JH, Rinaldi MG, Pfaller MA. Resistance of
Candida species to fluconazole. Antimicrob
Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 1-8.
15.McGinnis MR, Rinaldi MG. Antifungal drugs:
mechanism of action, drug resistance,
susceptibility testing, and assay of activity in
biologic fluids. In: Lorian V (ed). Antibiotics in
Laboratory Medicine. Williams and Wilkins,
Baltimore, 1996; 176-311.
16. Espinel-Ingroff A, Pfaller MA. Antifungal
agents and susceptibility testing. In: Murray P,
Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC, Yolken RH
(eds). Manual of Clinical Microbiology.
Washington DC: ASM Press, 1995; 1405.
17.Rex J, Pfaller M, Galgiani J, Bartlett MS,
Espinel-Ingroff A, Ghannoum M, Lancaster M,
Odds FC, Rinaldi MG, Walsh TJ, Barry A.
Development of interpretive breakpoints for
antifungal susceptibility testing: conseptual
framework and analysis of in vitro-in vivo
correlation data for fluconazole, itraconazole,
and Candida infections. Clin Infect Dis 1997;
24: 235-247.
18.National Committee for Laboratory Reference
Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal
Susceptibility Testing for Yeasts. Approved
Standard; Document M27-A National
Committee for Laboratory Standards.Villanova,
1997;
19.National Committee for Laboratory Standards.
Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal
Susceptibility Testing of Conidium-Forming
Filamentous Fungi; Proposed Standard.
Document M38-P. National Committee for
Laboratory Standards. Wayne, 1998;
20.Ellis D, Pfeiffer T. Antifungal susceptibility
testing for clinical microbiology laboratory.
ISHAM Mycoses Newsletter 2001; 75: 3-4.
21.Kaufman L. Laboratory methods for the
diagnosis and confirmation of systemic mycosis.
Clin Infect Dis 1992; 14: 23.
22. Richardson MD, Kokki MH. New perspectives
in the diagnosis of systemic fungal infections.
Ann Med 1999; 31: 327-335.
23.Barnett JA, Payne RW, Yarrow D. Yeasts:
Characteristics and Identification. 2nd ed.
Cmbridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990;
24. Lodder J. The Yeasts. A Taxonomic Study.
Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing Co,
1979.
25.Kwon Chung KJ, Bennett JE. Medical
Mycology. Philadelphia; Lea and Fabinger,
1992;
26.Cooper BH, Silva-Hutner M. Yeasts of Medical
Importance. In: Lennette EH, Balows A,
Hausler WJ, Shadomy HJ (eds). Manual of
Clinical Microbiology. 4th ed. Washington DC:
asm Press 1985; 526-541.
27. de Hoog GS, Guarro J. Atlas of Clinical Fungi.
Centralbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Delft,
the Netherlands and Universitat Rovira i
Virgilli, Reus, Spain 1995;
28.Warren N, Kevin CH. Candida, Cryptococcus
and other yeasts of medical impotrance. In:
Murray PR, Baron EJ, Pfaller MA, Tenover FC,
Yolken RH (eds). Manual of Clinical
Microbiology. Washington DC: ASM Press,
1995; 723-737.
29.Nenoff P, Haustein UF. In vitro susceptibility
teting of Malassezia furfur against rilopirox.
Skin Pharmacol 1997; 10: 275-280.
30.Nenoff P, Oswald U, Haustein U-F. In vitro
susceptibility of yeasts for fluconazole and
itraconazole. Evaluation of a microdilution test.
Mycoses 1999; 42: 629-639.
31.Odds FC. Candida and Candidosis. London:
Bailliére Tindall 1988;
32. Coleman D, Sullivan D, Harrington B, Haynes
K, Henman M, Shanley D,et.al. Molecular and
phenothypic analysis of Candida dubliniensis: a
recently identified species linked with oral
candidosis in HIV-infected and AIDS patients.
Oral Diseases 1997; 3: 96-101.
33.Wingard JR. Importance of Candida species
other than C.albicans as pathogens in oncology
patients. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20: 115-125.
34. Granier F. Invazive fungal infections.
Epidemiology and new therapies. Presse Med
2000; 37: 2051-2056.
35.Sobel JD, Ohmit SE, Schuman P, Klein RS,
Mayer K, Mayer K, Duerr A, Vazquez JA,
Rampalo A, (HIV)-seropositive and at-risk HIVseronegative
women. J Infect Dis 2001; 2: 286-
293.
36.Chadeganipour M, Shadzi S, Dehghan P, Bijary
J. The incidence of opportunistic fungi in
patients suspected of tuberculosis. Mycosis
2000; 43: 269-272.
37.Wingard JR. Importance of Candida species
other than C.albicans as pathogens in oncology
patients. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 20: 115-125.
38.Fowler SL, Rhoton B, Springer SC, Messer SA,
Hollis RJ, Pfaller MA. Evidence for person-toperson
transmission of Candida lusitaniae in a
neonatal intensive-care unit. Infect Control
Hosp Epidemiol 1998; 19: 343-345.
39.Arıkan S, Hasçelik G, Günalp A. Hacettepe
Üniversitesi hastanelerinde klinik örneklerden
izole edilen maya türleri. İnfeksiyon Derg 1998;
1: 97-102.
40.Ağel HE, Durmaz B, Refik M, Dikerel Ş. Turgut
Özal Tıp Merkezi’nde çeşitli klinik örneklerden
izole edilen Candida’ların türlere göre dağılımı.
Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi 1999; 4: 1-3.
41.Ener B, Akalın H, Akçağlar S, Helvacı S, Töre
O. Yüzeyel ve derin mikozlarda küf mantarları.
İnfeksiyon Derg 1999; 13: 99-103.
42.Kantarcıoğlu AS, Yücel A. Aspergillus türleri ve
invaziv aspergilloz: mikoloji, patogenez,
laboratuvar tanımı, antifungallere direnç ve
duyarlılık deneyleri (Cerr Tıp Fak Dergisine
sunulmuştur)
43.Araj GF, Daher NK, Tabbarah ZA. Antifungal
susceptibility of Candida isolates at the
American University of Beirut Medical Center.
Int J Antimicrob Agents 1998; 4: 291-296.
44.Magaldi S, Mata S, Hartung C, Verde G, Deibis
L, Roldan I, Marcano C. In vitro susceptibility
of 137 Candida sp. isolates from HIV positive
patients to several antifungal drugs.
Mycopathologia 2001; 2: 63-68.
45.Arõkan S, Lozano-Chiu M, Paetznick V, Nangia
S, Rex JH. Microdilution susceptibility testing
of Amphotericin B, itraconazole, and
voriconazole against clinical isolates of
Aspergillus and Fusarium species. J Clin
Microbiol 1999; 37: 3946-3951.
46.Manavathu EK, Cutright JL, Loebenberg D,
Chandrasekar PH. A comparative study of the
in vitro susceptibilities of clinical and
laboratory-selected resistant isolates of
Aspergillus spp. to amphotericin B,
itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole
(SCH 56592). J Antimicrob Chemother 2000; 46:
229-234.
47.Mosquera J, Warn P, Moore C, Denning D.
Azole cross resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.
11th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology
and Infection Diseases (1-4 April, 2001,
Istanbul) abstracts. In: Clinical Microbiology
and Infection 2001; 34.
48.Denning DW, Radford SA, Oakley KL, Hall L,
Johnson EM, Warnock DW. Correlation
between in vitro susceptibility testing to
itraconazole and in vivo outcome of Aspergillus
infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 40:
401-414.
49.Denning DW, Venkateswarlu K, Oakley K,
Anderson MJ, Manning NJ, Stevens DA,
Warnock DW, Kelly SL. Itraconazole resistance
in Aspergillus fumigatus. Antimicrob Agents
Chemother 1997; 41: 1364-1368.
50.Denning DW, Warn P. Dose range evaluation of
liposomal nystatin and comparisons with
amphotericin B and amphotericin B lipid
complex in temporarily neutropenic mice
infected with an isolate of Aspergillus
fumigatus with reduced susceptibility to
amphotericin B. Antimicrob Agents Chemother
1999; 43: 2592-2599.
51. de Pauw BE. Clinical experiences with the new
antimycotic UK109 496 (Voriconazole) in
clinical trials. Abstracts of 5th Congress of the
European Confederation of Medical Mycology
(3-6 June 1999, Dresden, Germany). Mycoses
1999; 42: 149-150.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com