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Havza Amenajmanında Toprak Verimliliği Problemi

SOIL FERTILITY PROBLEM IN WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

Journal Name:

  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 1968
Author Name
Abstract (2. Language): 
The soil as an integral part of a watershed, and its importance in the management of watershed, deserves the focus of our attention. Moreover, soil fertility as a function of wareshed management has an intimate correlation with the management purposes in a given area. This paper will briefly cover this problem. I. Watershed Management and Its Objectives More recently watershed management has been used as a more suitable and popular term. It has been defined as the administration and regulation of the aggregate resources of a drainage basin for the production of water and the control of erosion, streamflow, and floods (9). For the control of erosion or the stabilization of moving sands, or the reduction of flood damage, natural vegatation protected from fire usuallv serves the purpose. When the objective of producing a maximum yield of usable water is introduced, however, it can not be assumed that the un-managed natural vegetation will be the most effective in contributing to the greatest amount of water. Four phases of watershed management may be recognized: (9). (1) First is the recognition phase, which involves a survey to determine content, location, and severity of deterioration on critical or misused areas. (2) The second is the restoration phase, which includes the correction of the unstable conditions causing erosion and floods by vegetation or engineering methods. (3) The third is the protection phase, which involves not only protection from fires or damaging agencies but the maintenance of existing conditions, provided they arc acceptable for the uses to which the area is subject. (4) The fourth is the improvement phase, when practices are initiated to increase the yield of water.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Havza Amenajmanı terimi son zamanlarda çok kullanılmaktadır. Kittredge'e göre «Havza Amenajmanı, bir drenaj havzasında erozyonu, dere akışlarını ve selleri kontrol altında bulundurmak ve kaliteli su istihsal etmek üzere o havzada yer alan tabiî kaynakların tanzimi ve idaresidir». Erozyon kontrolü, sediment hareketinin durdurulması veya sel zararlarının azaltılması gibi gayelerin tahakkuku için yangın veya başka sebeplerle tahrip görmemiş bir tabiî vejetasyon örtüsünün mevcudiyeti yeterli olmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, azami kullanılabilir kalitede su istihsalinin gaye olduğu yerlerde, istihsal edilecek suyun miktarı üzerinde mevcut tabiî vejestasyonun rolü son derece büyüktür. Kittredge'e göre Havza Amenajmanı uğraşılarında dört safha vardır : 1.Birinci Safha: yağış havzası içerisindeki poroblemlerin yeri, mahiyeti ve ciddiyeti gibi hususları etüd eden «Problemleri Tanıma» safhasıdır. 2.İkinci Safha : erozyon ve selleri doğuran kötü şartların gerek ve-jetatif ve gerekse mühendislik tedbirleri ile ihya edilmesi gibi çalışmaları içine alan «Restorasyon» safhasıdır. 3.Üçüncü Safha : mevcut iyi şartların idamesini sağlama safhasıdır. 4.Dördüncü Safha : su verimini artıran uğraşıların başlatılması ile daha iyi şartların yaratılması safhasıdır.
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PDF icon arastirmax-havza-amenajmaninda-toprak-verimliligi-problemi.pdf
  • 1
85-117
  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

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