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KÜRESEL ISINMANIN BÖCEKLERE ETKİLERİ

THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON INSECTS

Journal Name:

  • Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2011

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Today, one of the most important ecological issues of mankind is "Global Warming". It is unavoidable that global warming will affect the insects besides all living creatures on the world. Insects are the biggest living group of the world with over 1 million species. Insects have many detrimental and beneficial effects on humans and ecosystems, directly or indirectly. It is expected that the changes in temperature, humidity and CO2, as a result of global warming will also affect the insects. Insects are cold-blooded organisms and the temperatures of their body are approximately at the same temperature as their environment. Therefore, the changes in humidity, CO2 and especially in temperature may influence the insect behaviour, distribution, development and reproduction. Generally, it is expected that the changes caused by global warming seem to favour insects. As the temperature increase, the development of insects may accelerate and the number of generation in a year may increase, their geographic range may extend, the number of insects surviving at the end of winter may increase because of warm winter, and consequently the insect populations may increase. This situation may provoke the problems caused by insects in agriculture. Also, the population of the insects feeding on human and diseases transmitted by insects may be enhanced. On the other hand, it is expected that the factors like heavy rains and drought as a result of global warming may affect the insects negatively.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bugün insanoğlunun karşı karşıya kaldığı en önemli ekolojik sorunlardan biri "Küresel Isınma" dır. Küresel ısınmanın dünya üzerindeki bütün canlıları etkilemesi yanında böcekleri de etkilemesi kaçınılmazdır. Böcekler 1 milyondan fazla tür sayısı ile yeryüzünün en büyük canlı grubudur. Böceklerin doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak insanlara ve ekosisteme yararlı ve zararlı birçok etkisi vardır. Küresel ısınma nedeniyle sıcaklık, nem ve CO2' te meydana gelecek değişikliklerin böcekler üzerine de etkili olması beklenmektedir. Böcekler soğukkanlı organizmalardır ve vücut sıcaklıkları yaklaşık olarak çevre sıcaklığı ile aynıdır. Bu nedenle nem, CO2 ve özellikle sıcaklıkta meydana gelecek değişimlerin böceklerin davranışı, dağılım, gelişim, çoğalma ve üremesini etkilemesi kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Küresel ısınma nedeniyle meydana gelecek değişimlerin genelde böceklerin lehine olması beklenmektedir. Sıcaklıkların artmasıyla birlikte böceklerin gelişmesi hızlanacak, döl sayısı artacak, coğrafik yayılma alanları genişleyecek, kışların daha ılık geçmesi nedeniyle kışı canlı geçiren böcek sayısında artış olacak ve yüksek popülasyon artışları gözlenebilecektir. Bu durum, bitki zararlısı böceklerden kaynaklanan tarımsal üretim sorunlarında da artışa neden olabilecektir. Ayrıca insanlar üzerinde beslenme ve hastalık taşıma yoluyla etkili olan böceklerin sayısında artış olabilecektir. Diğer taraftan küresel ısınmanın neden olacağı aşırı yağış ve kuraklık gibi etkenlerin ise böcekleri olumsuz yönde etkilemesi beklenmektedir.
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