A PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND VIOLENCE
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Abstract (2. Language):
Despite the rules established to allow people and societies to coexist and live in a system and the predictions of "reducing the incidence of violence" with the development of civilizations and societies, injustice, murder, violence and terror continue to exist even at different levels. Occasionally, social conditions, level of education, economic troubles and media are shown as a source of violence, but it is also necessary to think of other and deeper roots of the phenomenon. From the perspective of psychology, psychiatrists generally tend to focus on the individual's personality traits while investigating the factors that cause behavior toward violence. However, despite this general situation, the lack of a comprehensive research on the subject is a great deficiency in terms of the measures to be developed for the area and the violence. Indeed, linking violence only to personality traits means expressing the fact that the problem is caused by a structural inequality between the sexes, but violence is a structural question.
This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between violence and personality traits among young people who are studying at high school level and to determine the most susceptible group among personality groups if such a relationship is mentioned.
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework of the Study
The study carried out on two concepts. The concept of violence is first addressed. The emphasis of researches on violence is that it is extremely complex and multidimensional concept. Violence has been descripted from different angles and there is no concensus on it. The definitions of violence seem to differ in terms of scope particularly. Traditional definitions emphasize the physical actions committed with the intent to harm. Recently this concept has been expanded to include psychologic and sexual assaults. In Turkish violence is an Arabic world etymologically and means hardness, firmness, roughness. In the literature WHO’s definition is widespread. WHO definates it as intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation.
Secondly this study also focuses on personality traits that that are supposed to be one of the dimensions of violence. When the literature is evaluated, it is seen that the personality is mostly tried to be defined as the schools of psychoanalysis, humanism, cognitive psychology. However, it can be said that when approaching the topic from the upper level, personality includes the individual's distinctive and distinctive behaviors. It is seen that the definitions on personality are based on two basic assumptions. First, personality traits are stable over time. Most people acknowledge that the behavior of an individual will naturally vary from situation to situation, but is a basic consistency that defines the 'true nature' of the individual. Second, personality traits are generally believed to directly affect behavior. If an individual suddenly starts singing a cheerful song, it is possible to describe him as a happy person.
Method
In the study data were gathered by questionnaire on 587 high school students in public schools in Kayseri province. The 'Violence Tendency Scale' developed by Haskan and Yildirim (2012) measured the trend of violence; 'Five Factor Theory' was used in determining the personality traits.
Independent sample t Test was used in the analysis and analysis provided. In addition, a one-way ANOVA technique was used to determine whether there was a relationship between the averages at the level of significance.
Results and Discussion
When the data were processed, scores obtained from the students' Violence Tendency Scale were subjected to item analysis according to the difference between the upper and lower groups. After the 27% of the upper and lower groups were identified, the students were divided into three categories: 'intense tendency towards violence', 'tendency towards violence' and 'non-tendency towards violence'. When the scores of the categories are evaluated, it is seen that the students in the range of 20-29 points are in the group with no tendency to violence; It was determined that the students in the age range of 30-36 constituted a group with a tendency to violence and the students in the range of 37-60 were highly prone to violence.
There was no violence tendency in the students who were in the group of 19,1% (n = 112) of the research results. However, 35.1% of the students (n = 206) were prone to violence; And 45.8% (n = 269) were found to be more prone to violence. It is very striking that 80.9% (n = 475) of the non-violent group are out of the group.
According to Anova analysis, it was determined that development was related to the level of meaningfulness between the subgroups except for openness and the tendency to violence. According to this, between the tendency of violence and neuroticism, compatibility and self-discipline, p =, 000; There is a significant relationship between extroversion and p = 005. Because of the analysis, there was no significant relationship between the developmental clearance and the tendency to violence.
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Abstract (Original Language):
Şiddet konusu üzerine yapılan araştırmaların ortak vurgusu şiddetin son derece karmaşık ve çok boyutlu bir olgu olduğudur. Bu çalışma ile de şiddete ilişkin boyutlardan birisi olduğu varsayılan kişilik özellikleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu anlamda ilk olarak şiddet kavramı ortaya konulmaya çalışılacak ve literatür değerlendirmesine yer verilecektir. Sonrasında ise kişilik konusuna değinilecek ve kişilik konusunda ortaya çıkan yaklaşımlar tartışılacaktır. Daha sonra her iki değişken arasındaki ilişki üzerine gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya ilişkin istatistiksel analizler ve sonuçlarına yer verilecektir. Son olarak ise araştırma verilerinin değerlendirildiği sonuç bölümü ile çalışma tamamlanacaktır.
Bu çalışma da lise düzeyinde öğrenim gören gençler arasında şiddet ile kişilik özellikleri arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını ve eğer böyle bir ilişki söz konusu ise kişilik grupları arasında şiddete en yatkın grubun belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada Kayseri ilindeki devlet okullarında öğrenim gören 587 Lise öğrencisi üzerinde anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmıştır. Şiddete eğilimin ölçülmesinde Haskan ve Yıldırım (2012) tarafından geliştirilen ‘Şiddet Eğilimi Ölçeği’; kişilik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde ise ‘Beş Etmen Teorisi’ kullanılmıştır.
Verilerin çözümlenmesinde ve analiz edilmesinde bağımsız örneklem t testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca ortalamalar arasında anlamlılık seviyesinde ilişkilerin olup olmadığının belirlenmesi için Tek yönlü ANOVA tekniğine başvurulmuştur.
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