Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya

Abd El-Ghani, M.M. 2000. Vegetation composition of Egyptian inland salt marshes. Botanical Bulletin of Academia
Sinica. 41: 305–314.
Alao, J.S. 2009. Need for biodiversity conservation in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Biological Diversity and Conservation.
1:14-20.
Batanouny, K.H. 2001. Plants in the Deserts of the Middle East. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg.
Blake, S.F., Atwood, A.C. 1963. Geographical Guide to Floras of the World. Hafner Publishong, New York, USA.
Boulos, L. 1999. Flora of Egypt. Vol. 1. AL-Hadara Publishing , Cairo, Egypt.
Boulos, L. 1972. Our present knowledge on the flora and vegetation of Libya: bibliography. Webbia. 26: 365-400.
Brooks, N. 2006. Cultural responses to aridity in the Middle Holocene and increased social complexity. Quaternary
International. 151: 29-49.
Brullo, S., Furnari, F. 1981, Phytogeographical considerations on the costal vegetation of Cyrenaica. Actas III congress.
OPTIMA. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid. 37. 765-772.
Burdon, D.J. 1980. Infiltration conditions of a major sandstone aquifer around Ghat, Libya. In: (Eds.) Salem, M.J.,
Busrewil, M.T., The Geology of Libya, Academic Press INC, London. vol. II, 595-609.
Buru, M. 1968. Soil analysis and its relation to land use in El-Maraj plane Cyrenaica. Bulletin of the Faculty of Art
Benghazi. 2: 41-70.
Cain, S.A. 1950. Life-forms and phytoclimate. Botanical Review 16, 1-32.
Cremaschi, M., Zerboni, A. 2009. Early to Middle Holocene landscape exploitation in a drying environment: Two case
studies compared from the central Sahara (SW Fezzan, Libya). Comptes Rendus Geoscience. 341: 689-702.
El-Bana, M.I., El-Mathnani, A. 2009. Vegetation-soil relationships in the Wadi Al-Hayat area of the Libyan Sahara.
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 3: 740-747.
El-Bana, M., Shaltout, K., Khalafallah, A., Mosallam, H. 2010. Ecological status of the Mediterranean Juniperus
phoenicea L. relicts in the desert mountains of North Sinai, Egypt. Flora. 205: 171-178.
El-Barasi, Y.M., Berrani, M.W., El-Amrouni, A.O., Mohamad, N.F. 2011. Check list of flora and vegetation on south
Al-Marj zone: south El-Jabal El-Akhadar – Libya. Annals Faculty Engineering Hunedoara - International Journal
of Engineering. 3: 141-146.
El-Gadi, A. 1989. Flora of Libya. Vols. 145-147. Department of Botany, Al-Faateh University, Tripoli, Libya.
Fordin, D.G. 2001. Guide to Standerd Floras of the World. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
Gimingham, C.H., Walton, K. 1954. Environment and the Structure of Scrub Communities on the Limestone Plateaux
of Northern Cyrenaica. Journal of Ecology. 42: 505-520.
Hammer, K., Lehmann, C.O., Perrino, P. 1988. A check-list of the Libyan cultivated plants including an inventory of
the germplasm collected in the years 1981, 1982 and 1983. Kulturpflanze. 36: 475–527.
Hammer, K., Perrino, P. 1985. A check-list of the cultivated plants of the Ghat oases. Kulturpflanze. 33: 269–286.
Hegazy, A.K., Boulos, L., Kabiel, H.F., Sharashy, O.S. 2011. Vegetation and species altitudinal distribution in Al-Jabal
Al-Akhdar landscape, Libya. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 43: 1885-1898.
Jafri, S.M.H., El-Gadi, A. 1986. Flora of Libya. Vols. 25-144. Department of Botany, Al-Faateh University, Tripoli,
Libya.
Kassam, A.H. 1981. Climate, soil and land resources in North Africa and West Asia. Plant and Soil. 58: 1-29.
Kassas, M., Girgis, W.A. 1965. Habitat and plant communities in the Egyptian desert. IV: The units of a desert
ecosystem. Journal of Ecology. 53: 715-728.
Keith, H.G. 1965. A Preliminary Check List of Libyan Flora. Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Tripoli. 2
vols. 1047 pp.
Tarek A. MUKASSABI et al., Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya
12 Biological Diversity and Conservation – 5 / 3 (2012)
Louhaichi, M., Salkini, A.K., Estita, H.E., Belkhir, S. 2011. Initial assessment of medicinal plants across the Libyan
Mediterranean coast. Advances in Environmental Biology. 5: 359-370.
Qaiser, M., El-Gadi, A. 1984. A critical analysis of the flora of Libya. Libyan Journal of Sciences. 13: 31-40.
Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The Life Forms of Plant and Statistical Plant Geography. Oxford, Clarendon Press. London.
Saad, A.M.A., Shariff, N.M., Gairola, S. 2011. Nature and causees of land degradation and desertification in Libya:
Need for sustainable land management. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10: 13680-13687.
Shaltout, K.H., Sheded, M.G., El-Kady, H.F., Al-Sodany, Y.M. 2003. Phytosociological behavior and population
structure of Nitraria retusa along the Egyptian Red Sea coast. Journal of Arid Environments. 53: 331-345.
Thomas, H.H. 1921. Some observations on plants in the Libyan desert. Journal of Ecology. 9: 75-89.
Ward, D., Rohner, C. 1997. Anthropogenic causes of high mortality and low recruitment in three Acacia tree species in
the Negev desert, Israel. Biodiversity and Conservation. 6: 877-893.
Wiegand, K., Jeltsch, F., Ward, D. 1999. Analysis of the population dynamics of Acacia trees in the Negev desert, Israel
with a spatially-explicit computer simulation model. Ecological Modeling. 117: 203-224.
Woldewahid, G., van der Werf, W., Sykora, K., Abate, T., Mostofa, B., van Huis, A. 2007. Description of plant
communities on the Red Sea coastal plain of Sudan. Journal of Arid Environments. 68: 113-131.
Zahran, M., Willis, A.J. 1992. The Vegetation of Egypt. Chapman and Hall, London.
Quézel, P., Santa S. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore d'Algérie et des Régions Désertiques Méridionales. Centre National de
la Recherche Scientifique, Paris.
Ozenda, P. 1991-2004. Flore et Végétation du Sahara. CNRS, Paris.
Maire, R. 1952-1987. Flore de L’Afrique du Nord, vols. 1-16. Le Chevalier, Paris.
Ali, S.I., Jafri, S.M.H. 1977. Flora of Libya. Vols. 1-24. Department of Botany, Al-Faateh University, Tripoli, Libya