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Borderland Mitik Visions: Rodolfo Anaya adlı Bless Me, Ultima (Seri A)

Mythic Visions of the Borderland: Rodolfo Anaya's Bless Me, Ultima (Series A)

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The paper draws the contours of borderland literature in the Southwestern US/Mexico context and focuses on one of its best practitioners, Rudolfo Anaya, referring to one of his most renowned works, Bless Me Ultima. The study concentrates on one of the most typical features of Anaya's fiction, his extensive use of myth. This vital aspect of the writer's narrative strategy is linked to the process of the development of the protagonist Antonio who progresses from childhood to maturity with the assistance of the curandera (folk-healer) Ultima who functions as his mentor and spiritual leader. During his apprenticeship Antonio appropriates her worldview based on the reconciliation of dualities. Equipped with this new cognitive strategy the boy manages to solve the conflicts which baffle his mind and to overcome the trials he faces on the road to manhood: the clashes in his family, the problems related to his religious identity, the confrontation with the variable faces of death, the conflicts he experiences with his peers, the vision of the golden carp, the disquieting questions generated by his dream experiences. The final resolution of these tensions signals the birth of what Anaya formulates as the "New World Person", the person with a new mestizo consciousness who has the ability to wed the conflicting elements of his ancestral culture.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Makale, sınır edebiyatı kavramının (Güneybatı ABD/Meksika bağlamında) genel hatlarını çizdikten sonra bu edebiyatın en başarılı temsilcilerinden biri olan Rudolfo Anaya'nın Bless Me, Ultima (Kutsa Beni, Ultima) başlıklı romanı üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Çalışmanın odak noktasını Anaya'nın en belirgin anlatım öğelerinden biri olan mit kullanımı oluşturmaktadır. Mit kullanımı makalede ana kahraman Antonio'nun gelişimi ile ilişkilendirilmekte: Antonio çocukluktan olgunluğa doğru ilerlerken kendisine bir curandera (bitki,kök, ot v.b. doğal malzemeler kullanarak tedavi eden kişi) akıl hocalığı ve yol göstericiliği yapmakta. Antonio kendisine rehberlik eden bu yaşlı kadının her şeyden önce zıtlıkların eritilmesine dayalı dünya görüşünü be¬nimser. Bu yeni bilişsel yöntemle donanan kahraman, yetişkinliğe giden yolda karşısına çıkan tüm sorunları alt üst etmesini becerir. Aile içindeki çatışmalar, dini duyguları ile ilgili ikilemler, Katolik inancı ile çelişen "altın sazan" inanışı, ölümün farklı yüzleri ile karşılaşmanın getirdiği çelişkili düşünceler, yaşıtları ile yaşadığı çatışmalar bir bir çözülür ve Rudolfo Anaya'nın "Yeni Dünya Bireyi" olarak adlandırdığı yeni bir kişi doğar. Bu yeni bireyin temel özelliği, atalarından edindiği mirasın çelişen öğelerini uzlaştırma yetisine, yani mestizo bilincine sahip olmasıdır.
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REFERENCES

References: 

Anaya,
Rudolfo
. Bless Me, Ultima. New York: Warner Books, 1999. Anzaldua, Gloria. Borderlands/La Frontera. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books, 1999.
Gazemajau, Jean. "Mediators and Mediation in Rudolfo Anaya's Trilogy: Bless Me, Ultima, Heart of Aztlan and Tortuga," in European Perspectives on Hispanic Literature of the United States, ed. Genvieve Fabre. Houston: Arte Publico Press, 1988, 55-66.
De Weever, Jacqueline. Mythmaking and Metaphor in Black Women's Fiction. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991.
Gish, Robert Franklin. Beyond Bounds American Indian and Chicano Literature. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1996.
Gonzalez, Cezar A. "An Interview with Rudolfo Anaya." in Conversations with Rudolfo Anaya, eds. Bruce Dick and Silvio Sirias. USA: University Press of Mississippi, 1998, 81-90.
Johnson, David, and Apodaca, David. "Myth and the Writer: A Conversation with Rudolfo Anaya," in Conversations with Rudolfo Anaya, eds Bruce Dick and Silvio Sirias. USA: University Press of Mississippi, 1998, 29-48.
Jussawalla, Feroza. "Rudolfo Anaya," in Conversations with Rudolfo Anaya, eds Bruce Dick and Silvio Sirias. USA: University Press of Mississippi, 1998, 131-141.
Lamadrid, Enrique. "The Dynamics of Myth in the Creative Vision," in Hispanic-American Writers, ed.
Harold Bloom. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1998, 151-161.
Lattin, Vernon E. "The 'Horrror of Darkness': Meaning and Structure in Anaya's Bless Me, Ultima," in Revista Chicano-Requena 6, Spring 1978: 51-57.
Leal, Luis. "In Search of Aztlan," in Aztlan Essays on the Chicano Homeland, eds R. Anaya and F. Lomeli. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1989, 6-14.
Martinez, Ruben. "Interview with Rudolfo Anaya," in Conversations with Rudolfo Anaya, eds Bruce Dick and Silvio Sirias. USA: University Press of Mississippi, 1998, 116-130.
Rogers, Jane. "The Function of the La Llorona Motif in Anaya's Bless Me, Ultima," in Hispanic-American Writers, ed. Harold Bloom. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1998, 3-8.
Vassallo, Paul. "Of Cuentistas, Myth and the Magic of Words: An Interview with Rudolfo Anaya." in Conversations with Rudolfo Anaya, eds Bruce Dick and Silvio Sirias. USA: University Press of
Mississippi, 1998, 91-104.
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