You are here

Bürokrasi-Demokrasi İlişkisi ve Bürokratların Seçilmişlerce Kontrolü Sorunu

Relation Between Bureaucracy and Democracy and The Problem of Bureaucratic Control by The Elected

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
In this paper the discussions made on political/democratic control of bureaucracy in international literature, as well as the theories proposed and models developed. The paper aims at focusing on the theoretical aspects of the issue avoiding the patterns of supervising administration such as parliamentary investigations or ombudsman which are envisaged in administrative or constitutional law. The manner with which democratic control of bureaucracy will be ensured is a long-discussed phenomenon; principal-agent theory, representative bureaucracy approach, administrative procedures and politicization of bureaucracy can be recommended as solutions to this problem. Each of these methods carry the risk of divergence from ideal bureaucratic type, but this is an acceptable price if public sovereignty is to be reflected on administration.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışmada uluslararası literatürde bürokrasinin siyasi/demokratik kontrolü ile ilgili olarak yapılan bazı tartışmalar, ortaya atılan teoriler ve geliştirilen modeller ele alınacaktır. Çalışma idare hukuku ve anayasa hukukunda öngörülen meclis soruşturması, kamu denetçisi gibi idarenin denetlenme biçimlerine fazla değinmeksizin, konuyla ilgili teorik tartışmalara odaklanmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bürokrasinin demokratik kontrolünün nasıl sağlanacağı uzun zamandır tartışılan bir konudur; asil-vekil kuramı, temsili bürokrasi yaklaşımı, idari prosedürler ve bürokrasinin politizasyonu bu sorun için önerilen çözümler arasında sayılabilir. Bunların her birinin ideal bürokrasi tipinden uzaklaşma riski taşıdığı bir gerçektir, ancak bu, halkın egemenliğinin idareye yansıması için ödenmesi gereken bir bedel olarak kabul edilebilir
63
84

JEL Codes:

REFERENCES

References: 

ATALAY, Mehmet (2008), Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininde Waldo Düşüncesi, Yayımlanmamış
Doktora Tezi, Ankara.
AUCOIN, Peter (1996), "Political Science and Democratic Governance", Canadian Journal of
Political Science / Revue canadienne de science politique, Vol. 29, No. 4 (December),ss.
643-660.
BALLA, Steven J. (1998), "Administrative Procedures and Political Control of the Bureaucracy",
American Political Science Review, 92:3, September, ss. 663-673.
BERTELİ, Anthony (2006), The Role of Political Ideology in the Structural Design of New
Governance Agencies, Public Administration Review; Jul/Aug; 66: 4; Research Library,
ss. 583-595.
BRECHT, Arnold (1937), "Bureaucratic Sabotage", Annals of the American Academy of Political
and Social Science Cilt 189, Improved Personnel in Government Service (Ocak), ss. 48¬
57.
BRESSER-PREIRA, Luiz Carlos (2004), Democracy and Public Management Reform: Building the
Republican State, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
DAHL, Robert (1947), The Science of Public Administration: Three Problems, Public
Administration Review 7:I-II, ss. 60-76.
DAHL, Robert (1961), Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City, New Haven, CT
ve London, Yale University Press.
DAY, Patricia A., & KLEIN, Rudolph (1987), Accountabilities, London: Tavistock.
DENHARDT, Robert B. ve DENHARDT, Janet V. (2007), The New Public Service: Serving, not
Steering, New York ve Londra, M.E. Sharpe Inc.
DREYFUS, Françoise (2007), Bürokrasinin İcadı: Fransa, Büyük Britanya ve ABD'de Devlete
Hizmet Etmek, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
DUDLEY, Larkin (1997). "New Insights into Old Theories: Contracting Relationships and the
Separation of Powers'', Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 20, ss.
129-144.
ERYILMAZ, Bilal (1993), "Kamu Bürokrasisinin Denetlenmesinde Yeni Gelişmeler", Amme
İdaresi Dergisi, 26:4, Aralık, ss. 81-106.
FARAZMAND, Ali (2010a), Bureaucracy, Democracy and Public Administration: Editor's Brief
Introduction to the Symposium, Public Organization Review, 10:3, ss. 205-207.
FARAZMAND, Ali (2010b), Bureaucracy and Democracy: A Theoretical Analysis, Public
Organization Review, 10:3, ss. 245-258.
GOODNOW, Frank (1900), Politics and Administration, New York:Macmillan.
GREVE, Carsten (1999), "Quangos in Denmark and Scandinavia: Trends, Problems and
Perspectives, içinde Matthew V. Flinders ve Martin J. Smith (editörler), Quangos,
Accountability and Reform: The Politics of Quasi-Government, Basingstoke, İngiltere:
Macmillan, ss. 83-108.
GRUBER, Judith E. (1987), Controlling Bureaucracies: Dilemmas in Democratic Governance,
University of California Press, ABD.
GULICK, Luther (1937), "Science, Values and Public Administration", Papers on the Science of
Administration, der. Luther Gulick & Lyndall Urwick, Institute of Public Administration.
GÜLER, Birgül Ayman (2005), Kamu Personeli: Sistem ve Yönetim, İmge Yayınevi, Ankara.
HABERMAS, Jurgen (2002), Küreselleşme ve Milli Devletlerin Akıbeti, (Çev: Medeni Beyaztaş),
Bakış Yayınları, İstanbul.
HERRING, E. Pendelton (1936), Public Administration and the Public Interest, New York and
London : McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
HOOD, Christopher, JAMES, Oliver, PETERS, B. Guy, ve SCOTT, Colin (2004). Controlling
modern government, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
KINGSLEY, Donald (1944), Representative Bureaucracy: An Interpretation of the British Civil
Service, Yellow Springs: Antioch Press.
82
Yönetim ve Ekonomi
18/2 (2011) 63-84
KRANE, Dale (2006), "Democracy, Public Administrators and Public Policy", içinde Richard C.
Box (der.), Democracy and Public Administration, Armonk, New York: M.E.Sharpe, Inc.,
ss. 21-39.
KRANE, Deborah ve MARSHALL, Gary S. (2003), "Democracy and Public Policy", içinde Jack
Rabin (der.), Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, New York: Marcel Dekker, ss. 1-7.
LEVITAN, David M. (1943) Political Ends and Administrative Means, Public Administration
Review 3, ss. 353-359.
LEVITAN, David M. (1946), "The responsibility of administrative officials in a democratic
society", Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 61, No. 4 (December), ss. 562-598. LOWI, Theodore (1979) The End of Liberalism: The Second Republic of the United States (2.
Baskı), W.W.Norton&Company, New York & Londra. MEIER, Kenneth J. (1975), "Representative Bureaucracy: An Empirical Analysis", The American
Political Science Review, 69, s. 526-542.
MEIER, Kenneth J. (1997), "Bureaucracy and Democracy: The Case for More Bureaucracy and
Less Democracy", Public Administration Review, 57:3, May/Jun, ss. 193-199. MEİER, Kenneth J. ve O'TOOLE, Larry J. (2006), Bureaucracy in a democratic state: A
governance perspective, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. MITNICK, Barry M. (1973), "Fiduciary Rationality and Public Policy: The Theory of Agency and
Some Consequences",
Amerika
n Siyaset Bilimi Derneği'nde sunulan bildiri, New
Orleans.
NIEBUHR, Karl Paul Reinhold (1944), The children of light and the children of darkness, Macmillan 1985 baskısı.
NISKANEN,
Willia
m (1971), Bureaucracy and Representative Government, Chicago: Aldine.
OTT, J. Steven, BOONYARAK, Pitima ve DICKE, Lisa A. (2001), "Public Sector Reform, Moral and Ethical Accountability, and Performance Measurement Technology." Public Productivity and Management Review, 3 (3), ss.277-289.
ÖZCAN, Ömer (2006), "Kamu yönetiminde şeffaflaşma ve bunun idari usul yasa tasarısı açısından değerlendirilmesi" (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara.
PETERS, Guy B. (2001). The Politics of Bureaucracy, Routledge, Londra-New York.
PETERS, B. Guy (2010), "Bureaucracy and Democracy", Public Organization Review, 10, ss. 209¬222.
PETERS, B. Guy ve PIERRE, Jon (2004), "Politicization of the Civil Service: Concepts, Causes,
Consequences", içinde B. Guy Peters ve Jon Pierre (editörler), The Politicizaiton of the
Civil Service in Comparative Perspective: The Quest for Control, London&New York:
Routledge / Taylor&Francis Group, ss. 1-12. PHARR, S.,
& Putnam, R. D. (2000). Disaffected democracies: What's troubling the trilateral
countries? Princeton: Princeton University Press. ROMZEK, Barbara S. ve HENDRICKS, J. Stephen (1982), "Organizational Involvement and
Representative Bureaucracy: Can We Have It Both Ways?", The American Political
Science Review, 76, ss. 75-82.
ROSENBLOOM, David H. ve MCCURDY, Howard E. (2007), "Introduction: Dwight Waldo's -
The Administrative State-", in David H. Rosenbloom and Howard E. McCurdy (eds),
Revisiting Waldo's Administrative State: Constancy and Change in Public Administration,
Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press. SUBRAMANIAM, V. (1967), "Representative Bureaucracy: A Reassessment", American Political
Science Review, 61, ss. 1010-1019. SULEIMAN, Ezra N. (2003), Dismantling the Democratic State, Princeton: Princeton University
Press.
SVARA, James H. (2001), "The Myth of the Dichotomy: Complementarity of Politics and Administration in the Past and Future of Public Administration'', Public Administration
Review 61(2), ss. 176-182. TIEREAN, O. ve BRATUCU, G. (2009), The Evolution of the Concept of Bureaucracy, Bulletin of
the Transilvania University of Braşov, Vol.2 (51), s. 245-250.
83
F.Demir /
Bürokrasi-Demokrasi
İlişkisi ve Bürokratların Seçilmişlerce Kontrolü Sorunu
VON
MISES
, Ludwig (2007), Bureaucracy (1944 tarihli Bureaucracy başlıklı orijinal eserin tekrar basımı), editör: Bettina Bien Greaves, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis, ABD.
WALDO, Dwight (1952), "Development of Theory of Democratic Administration", The American Political Science Review, Vol. 46, No. 1 (March), ss. 81-103
WALDO, Dwight (1984), The Administrative State: A Study of the Political Theory of American Public Administration, 2nd. Ed., New York: Holmes&Meier.
WATERMAN, Richard W. ve MEIER, Kenneth J. (1998), "Principal-Agent Models: An
Expansion?", Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 8:2, ss. 173-202.
WATTENBERG, M. P., & Dalton, R. J. (2002). Parties without Partisans: Political change in
advanced industrial democracies, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
WEBER, Max (1978), Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology (ed.: Guenther
Roth ve Claus Wittich), California: University of California Press.
WILSON, Woodrow (1887), "The Study of Administration", Political Science Quarterly, II:2, ss.
197-222.
WOOD, Dan B. (1989), Principal-Agent Models of Political Control of Bureaucracy, American
Political Science Review, Vol.83, No.3, Eylül 1989, s. 965-978. WOOD, Dan B. ve Richard W. Waterman (1991), "The Dynamics of Political Control of
Bureaucracy", American Political Science Review, Vol.85, No.3, Eylül1991, ss. 801-826.
84

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com