Investigating the effect of the toll plaza
of 15th July, Martyrs Bridge on the
traffic flow
Journal Name:
- Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Mühendislik Dergisi
Keywords (Original Language):
| Author Name | University of Author |
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Abstract (2. Language):
One of the main problems of main citied is the traffic
congestions, experienced almost every day. Istanbul,
with its population of 14 657 434 citizens,
experiences traffic congestion each day, especially
on the peak hours, on 15th July Martyrs and Fatih
Sultan Mehmet Bridges that connect the Asian and
the European sides of the city. On both bridges, the
travel demand is higher from Asian side to the
European side during the morning peak hours, while
it is higher on the opposite direction during the
evening peak hours. To answer the demand on peak
hours, reversible lane implementation is followed
out by assigning the leftmost lane of non-peak
direction to the usage of the vehicles travelling on
the peak direction. Although the reversible lane
improves the traffic conditions on the Bridges by
providing an increased capacity, the congestion on
the traffic congestion before and after the Bridges
continue increasingly.
In this study, the evening peak traffic from Eruopean
to the Asian side on the 15th July Martyrs Bridge and
the effect of the toll lane on the exit of it had been
investigated. For this reason, camera recordings
obtained from Beşiktaş merge and Çamlıca diverges
on 22th May, 2015 has been analyzed. The hourly
traffic flow values have been obtained from both
sections and they have been verified using the toll
counts obtained from General Consulate of
Highways of Turkey. Since primary and secondary
schools continue their education term, the travel
demand is on its highest level during May. Also the
sunny weather and 21 oC open air temperature
recorded, provided ideal conditions for the study.
PTV VISSIM micro simulation software has been
used to investigate the effect of the toll plaza. First
of all, the road network has been defined to the
micro simulation software, followed by defining the
travel demand by entering the number of vehicles
entering the network each hour on every possible
entry point. Afterwards, the vehicles were routed on
every merging and diverging section, as well as the
toll plaza by taking the observed percentages into
account. Separate routes and bus stops have been
defined for busses and bus rapid transit (BRT)
system of the city namely, metrobüs.50 km/h speed
limit has been applied on the toll plaza section.
Detectors are placed on each lane of Beşiktaş
merge, Çamlıca diverge and toll plaza sections to
record hourly flow values. The micro simulation
software was run for 5 hours, including an
additional hour in the beginning to provide actual
traffic conditions, observed at 16:00. The
calibration of VISSIM has been done by altering the
parameters of the car following model, using trial
and error method.
The effect of the toll plaza on the traffic flow has
been investigated by removing the toll plaza and the
speed limit applied on respective section on the
calibrated model. If reversible lane implementation
is maintained after removing the toll plaza,
insignificant changes on the traffic flow has been
obtained. However, cancelling the reversible lane
implementation decreases average delay per vehicle
by 16.26 %, standstill delay per vehicle by 28.17 %
and average number of stops per vehicle by 13.15 %
while the average speed of all of the vehicles is
increased by 16.32 %. By observing the simulation
runs, it can be said that the traffic conditions can
only be improved on the relevant section by
resolving the geometric irregularities, especially on
Altunizade diverge and the entry point of reversible
lane. This implementation would also improve the
positive effects of removing the toll plaza.
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Abstract (Original Language):
Tekrarlı olarak yaşanan trafik tıkanıklıkları büyük şehirlerin başlıca sorunları arasında gelmektedir.
Ülkemizin en büyük kenti olan İstanbul’da Anadolu ve Avrupa yakaları arasındaki geçişi sağlayan 15
Temmuz Şehitler ve Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüleri ile çevre yollarında da özellikle zirve saatlerde tekrarlı
trafik tıkanıklıkları yaşanmaktadır. Her iki köprüde de sabah zirvesinde Anadolu’dan Avrupa yönüne, akşam
zirvesinde ise Avrupa’dan Anadolu yönüne olan yolculuk talebi daha fazla olmaktadır. Zirve saatlerdeki
yolculuk talebini karşılayabilmek için, her iki köprüde de zirve olmayan yönün en sol şeridi zirve yönün
kullanımına atanarak, ek şerit uygulaması yapılmaktadır. Ancak ek şerit uygulamasının köprü üzerinde
sağladığı kapasite artışına ve dolayısıyla trafik koşullarının iyileşmesine rağmen, köprülerin giriş ve
çıkışlarında yaşanan trafik tıkanıklıkları artarak devam etmektedir.
Bu çalışma kapsamında, 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü girişi ve çıkışında, akşam zirvesinde Avrupa
yakasından Anadolu yakasına geçiş yönündeki trafik koşulları incelenmiş ve köprü çıkışında bulunan gişe
sahasının trafiğe olan etkisi ölçülmüştür. Bu amaçla, 22 Mayıs 2015 tarihinde Beşiktaş katılımı ve Çamlıca
ayrımı kesimlerinden elde edilen kamera görüntüleri incelenmiş, elde edilen veriler ışığında PTV VISSIM®
ince boyut benzetim yazılımının ölçümlemesi yapılmıştır. Daha sonra gişe sahasının kaldırılması halinde
trafik akımında oluşacak değişimler incelenmiştir. Gişe sahası kaldırıldığında, ek şerit uygulamasına devam
edilmesi halinde, trafik akımı koşullarında önemli bir değişim olmamaktadır. Gişe sahası kaldırılıp, ek şerit
uygulaması yapılmadığında ise, taşıt başına ortalama gecikme % 16.26, duraklama gecikmesi % 28.17 ve
ortalama duraklama sayısı % 13.15 oranında azalmakta, ortalama hız ise % 16.32 artmaktadır.
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