TOPRAK OLUŞUM SÜREÇLERİ TARAFINDAN ETKİLENEN BİR İKLİM HATTI BOYUNCA TOPRAK OLUŞUMU

The purposes of this study were to investigate the role of the soil forming factors in attaining the soil properties, to organize and describe the morphological features of the soil horizons in different soils and to relate these features and horizons to the soil forming processes such as climate, organisms, landscape position, parent material and time. Six different soil series in different climatic zones were evaluated. The study areas were chosen under three climatic zones that rank from drier to wetter in WA, USA. The soils of the study areas are formed from windblown silty dust known as loess. Walla walla, Endicott and Pataha series formed under low precipitation, have calcic horizons and duripans of which depths are closely related to amount of precipitation. Climate, parent material and topography played had major effect in attaining the soil properties. Sweitberg, Southwick and Vassar soil series formed under high a precipitation. Therefore, these soil series have no calcic horizons and duripans. In Soutwick series, climate, parent material, vegetation; in Vassar series, climate, vegetation and parent material played major role in attaining the soil properties.