You are here

TOXIC EFFECTS OF HIGH NITRATE INTAKE IN OESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH OF RABBITS

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

DOI: 
10.5958/j.2319-5886.2.3.071
Abstract (2. Language): 
Introduction: In India especially in Rajasthan people drink water containing high level of nitrates and concentration up to 500 mg of nitrate ion per liter is not unusual. The ingested nitrate is converted to nitrite in the digestive system and absorb in blood causing methemoglobinemia. Methaemoglobin is not restricted to infants alone but it is prevalent in higher age groups also. The peak of methaemoglobin is observed at 45-95 mg/liter of nitrate concentration of water. Aim of study: To find out the correlation between drinking water nitrate concentration and histopathological changes in esophagus and stomach of rabbits of different groups. Material & Methods: Therefore an experimental study was conducted in 10 rabbits according to guideline of ICMR, New Delhi between three and half month to four months of age having weight ranging 1.310 kg to 10720 kg. Five groups A, B, C, and D & E were formed with two rabbits in each group. The control group A was administered water orally having 06 mg/liter .Group B to E (experimental groups ) were administered water orally having a concentration of 100mg/liter, 200mg/liter, 400mg/liter & 500mg/liter of nitrate respectively for 120 days. Then all rabbits were anaesthetized & sacrificed according to the guidelines of the ICMR and oesophagus and stomach were removed & processed for paraffin sections. Hemotoxyllin and eosin staining was done for microscopic observations. Results: The results showed mononuclear infiltration in the esophagus which started in group B and in stomach, histopathological changes appeared in sub-mucosa, muscularis mucosa , muscularis externa and seosa started from group c. The changes were more pronounced in stomach of group D & E in the form of congestion of blood vessels in sub mucosa and mild infiltration of lymphocytes in muscularis externa.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
407-411

REFERENCES

References: 

1. Epidemiological Evaluation of Nitrate
toxicity and DPNH dependent
Methemoglobin Diaphorase activity in
infants. SMS Medical College & NEERI
Zonal Laboratory, Jaipur. Project report,
council of Scientific & Industrial Research
,New Dehli.1994-1970
2. Bodansky O. Methemoglobin and
Methemoglobin producing compounds.
Pharmacol. Rev. 3: 144-195. 1951.
3. Cornblath M & Hartmann AF.
Methemoglobinemia in young infants. J
Pediat. 33: 421-425. 1948.
4. Drinking water specification. IS 10500:1991,
Bureau of Indian standards, New
Dehli.1995:3
5. World Health Organization .Guidelines for
research on acute respiratory infection.
Memorandum from a WHO Meeting Bulletin
of the World Health Organization. 60; 521-
533. 1982.
6. World Health Organization. A programme
for controlling acute respiratory infection in
children. Memorandum from a WHO
Meeting Bulletin of the World Health
Organization. 62; 47-58. 1984.
7. World Health Organization. Respiratory
infection in children .Management in small
hospitals. Manual for Doctors. WHO.
Geneva 1998.
8. WHO. Guidelines for dinking water quality,
Volume 1.Genava. 52-53. 1993.
9. Gupta SK, Gupta RC et al. Recurrent acute
respiratory tract infection in areas with high
nitrate concentration in drinking water.
Environmental Health Prespectives.
2001;108(4):363-66.
10. Gupta SK, Gupta RC et al.
Methemoglobinemia in areas with high
nitrate concentration in Drinking water. The
national Medical Journal of India. 13(2):58-
61. 2000.
11. Li H, Duncan C, Townend J, Kilham K, et
al. Nitrate reducing bacteria on rat tongue.
Applied and environmental Microbiology.
1997; 63:924-930.
12. Shuval HI & Gruener N. Epidemiological
and toxicological aspects of nitrates and
nitrites in the environment. Am J Public
Health. 1972; 62 :1045-1052.
13. Marshall CR & Marshall W. Action of
nitrates on blood. J Biol Chem . 158:187-208.
1945.
14. Xu G, Song P , Reed P.The relationship
between gastric mucosal changes and nitrate
intake via drinking water in high risk
population for gastric cancer in moping
country, china,Europian Journal of Cancer
Prevention 1992;`(6):437-443.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com