Fluoride in Water Intake and Prevalence of Dental Fluorosis Stains among Children in Central Benin

[1] Abanto Alvarez, Jenny, et al. “Dental fluorosis: Exposure, prevention and management.” 2009.
[2] Kumar, Garg V., and B. Singh. “Fluoride signatures in groundwater and dental fluorosis in permanent teeth of
school children in rural areas of Haryana state, India; Correspondence.” 2013, pp. 107-08.
[3] Peariasamy, K., et al. “A quantitative study of the effect of pumicing and etching on the remineralisation of
enamel opacities.” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Vol. 11, No. 3, 2008, pp. 193-200.
[4] Ardu, Stefano, Minos Stavridakis, and Ivo Krejci. “A minimally invasive treatment of severe dental
fluorosis.” Quintessence International Vol. 38, No. 6, 2007, pp. 455-58.
[5] Fomon, Samuel J., et al. “Fluoride intake and prevalence of dental fluorosis: Trends in fluoride intake with special
attention to Infants: Review & commentary.” Journal of Public Health Dentistry Vol. 60, No. 3, 2000, pp. 131-139.
[6] Burgstahler, Albert W. “Fluoridated bottled water.” 2006, pp. 252-54.
[7] Mullins, Michael E., and Craig R. Warden. “Pediatric death and fluoride-containing wheel cleaner.” Annals of
Emergency Medicine Vol. 31, No. 4, 1998, pp. 524-25.
[8] Vogt, R. L., et al. “Acute fluoride poisoning associated with an on-site fluoridator in a Vermont elementary
school.” American Journal of Public Health Vol. 72, No. 10, 1982, pp. 1168-69.
Avocefohoun, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(12): 71-77
77
[9] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Recommendations for using fluoride to prevent and control dental
caries in the United States.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 17 Aug. 2001, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/
preview/mmwrhtml/rr5014a1.html.
[10] Croll, Theodore P. “Esthetic correction for teeth with fluorosis and fluorosis-like enamel dysmineralization.” Journal
of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry Vol. 10, No. 1, 1998, pp. 21-29.
[11] Jackson, Richard D., et al. “The fluoride content of foods and beverages from negligibly and optimally fluoridated
communities.” Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Vol. 30, No. 5, 2002, pp. 382-91.
[12] Molina-Frechero, Nelly, et al. “Fluoride exposure effects and dental fluorosis in children in Mexico City.” Medical
Science Monitor Vol. 21, 2015, pp. 3664-70.
[13] Goyal, Ashima, et al. “Validation of ICMR index for identification of dental fluorosis in epidemiological
studies.” Indian Journal of Medical Research Vol. 144, No. 1, 2016, p. 52.
[14] Rozier, R.G. “Epidemiologic indices for measuring the clinical manifestations of dental fluorosis: Overview and
critique.” Advances in Dental Research Vol. 8, No. 1, 1994, pp. 39-55.
[15] Dassa-Zoume, Southern Benin. “Chemical quality of groundwaters and fluoride concentrations in the district
of.” Academia Journal of Scientific Research Vol. 5, No. 8, 2017, pp. 218-23.
[16] Sebastian, ShibuThomas, et al. “Prevalence of dental fluorosis among primary school children in association
with different water fluoride levels in Mysore district, Karnataka.” Indian Journal of Dental Research Vol. 27,
No. 2, 2016, p. 151.
[17] Pessan, Juliano P., et al. “Evaluation of the total fluoride intake of 4-7-year-old children from diet and
dentifrice.” Journal of Applied Oral Science Vol. 11, No. 2, 2003, pp. 150-56.
[18] Bonou, Gabriel Assouan, et al. Iodine status and goitre prevalence in schools in Abomey in Benin. International
Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research 2013, pp. 203-07.
[19] Dovonon, Léonce Firmin Comlan, et al. “Utilisation des os calcinés dans la défluoruration des eaux
contaminées: Détermination expérimentale de la température de calcination et de la granulométrie optimales des
os.” International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences Vol. 5, No. 4, 2011, pp. 1712-26.
[20] Srikanth, R., et al. “Fluoride in groundwater in selected villages in Eritrea (North East Africa).” Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment Vol. 75, No. 2, 2002, pp. 169-77.
[21] El-Jaoudi, Rachid, et al. “Determination of fluoride in tap water in morocco using a direct electrochemical
method.” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Vol. 89, No. 2, 2012, pp. 390-94.
[22] Christie, David P. “The spectrum of radiographic bone changes in children with fluorosis.” Radiology Vol. 136,
No. 1, 1980, pp. 85-90.
[23] Kebede, Aweke, et al. “Dietary fluoride intake and associated skeletal and dental fluorosis in school age children
in rural Ethiopian Rift Valley.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 13, No.
8, 2016, p. 756.
[24] Haimanot, Reda Tekle, Abebaw Fekadu, and Bedru Bushra. “Endemic fluorosis in the Ethiopian Rift
Valley.” Tropical and Geographical Medicine Vol. 39, No. 3, 1987, pp. 209-17.
[25] Rango, Tewodros, et al. “Groundwater quality and its health impact: an assessment of dental fluorosis in rural
inhabitants of the Main Ethiopian Rift.” Environment International Vol. 43, 2012, pp. 37-47.
[26] Mabelya, L., K. G. König, and W. H. van Palenstein Helderman. “Dental fluorosis, altitude, and associated
dietary factors.” Caries Research Vol. 26, No. 1, 1992, pp. 65-67.
[27] El-Nadeef, May Ahmed Ismail, and Eino Honkala. “Fluorosis in relation to fluoride levels in water in central
Nigeria.” Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology Vol. 26, No. 1, 1998, pp. 26-30.