The GSM Based Monitoring of Distribution Transformer

The purpose of the system design paper is to solve complex and eradicate the problems encountered using the local protection techniques such as fuse, circuit breakers etc. The research is based on microcontroller transformer monitoring with real-time data logging capabilities. This monitoring is focused on the transformer parameters feed into the ADC of the microcontroller and monitoring the transformer voltage, current and temperature through via an LCD. The voltage transformer will be connected across a variable AC input source using an autotransformer which can be varied from 0-259VAC. The output of the transformer (secondary) will be connected to electric bulbs which will serve as load. The load current will be monitored by connecting a current sensor in series between the load and the secondary side of the transformer. The transformer voltage will be monitored through rectifying a step down 230-12VAC transformer to a pure 5VDC and then feed to the microcontroller ADC pin for voltage monitoring. The input of the step down transformer will be connected to autotransformer and the output will be perfectly rectified to a pure 5VAC. Similarly, the microcontroller monitor’s the load current and temperature of transformer and displays the values on LCD. As the load current exceeds the rated current rating of the transformer, the temperature of the secondary winding rises, therefore the microcontroller will send an SMS through the GSM modem to the control room and to the Technical Service Manager, informing them of the parameters.