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Dinin Ötesine Bakmak: Devrim Öncesi İran’da Ulema ve Siyaset

Beyond Religion: Ulama and Politics in Pre-revolutionary Iran

Journal Name:

  • İran Çalışmaları Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2017

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The primary aim of this paper is to investigate the relations between the ulama and politics in Iranian history throughout the period between the 1950s to late 1970s. It will focus on two interrelated questions: 1. Were the ulama always led the mass opposition movements in Iranian history, as they often claimed or were credited to be? 2. Did the Iranian Revolution occurred mainly thanks to the ulama`s efforts? By analyzing the relations between the ulama and politics in three consecutive periods in modern history of Iran, which are 1951-1953 period of oil nationalization, 1963 the White Revolution and finally the revolutionary struggles of 1977-1979, the paper shows that there was not a predetermined area of conflict or cooperation between these two domains, but a dynamic interaction shaped by the very political interests of the actors.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makale İran’da, 1950’lerden 1970’lerin sonuna kadar olan dönemde, ulemasiyaset ilişkisini incelemektedir. Birbiri ile ilişkili iki soruya yoğunlaşmaktadır: 1. Sıklıkla iddia edildiği gibi, İran tarihinde büyük siyasi kitle hareketleri ulema tarafından mı yönlendirilmiştir? 2. İran devriminin temel harekete geçiricisi ulema mıdır? Makale, İran tarihinin üç dönemini ele almaktadır 1951-53 Iran petrolünün millileştirilmesi, 1963 Rıza Şah’ın Beyaz Devrimi ve son olarak 1977-1979 arası devrimci dönem. Makalede ulema ve siyaset arasındaki ilişkide önceden belirlenmiş çatışma veya uzlaşma alanları olmadığı, aksine bu ilişkinin aktörlerin siyasi çıkarları tarafından belirlenen dinamik bir etkileşim süreci sonucunda oluştuğu gösterilmektedir.
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