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TÜRKİYE’NİN KYOTO PROTOKOLÜ’NÜ İMZALAMASI

TURKEY’S SIGNATURE OF THE KYOTO PROTOCOL

Journal Name:

  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2012

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Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
In May 2004 Turkey became a party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In February 2009, in a time when the Protocol’s first commitment period comes to an end, Turkey also became a party to the Kyoto Protocol. The aim of this article is twofold: first, to identify the diverse factors that lie behind Turkey’s late ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, and second, to discuss in which way Turkey’s case confirms theoretical explanations regarding ratifications of international agreements. The empirical material of this article consist of interviews with some of the prevailing actors in the climate change policy area in Turkey, websites of the relevant ministries, parliamentary discussions, and the media. The article shows that while the perceived economic cost of the Protocol was the most important reason for Turkey to refrain signing it until 2009, the expected profit of the European Union membership appears as being the single most important cause for Turkey’s change of position. The article agrees that although the theories of international environmental agreements are complementary rather than mutually exclusive it nevertheless contends that the institutionalist theory offers a more encompassing explanation as to why Turkey has joined the Kyoto Protocol.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Türkiye, Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi’ne Mayıs 2004’te taraf olmuştur. 2009 yılının Şubat ayında, yani Protokol’ün birinci döneminin sonuna yaklaşıldığında, Türkiye Kyoto Protokolü’ne de taraf olmuştur. Bu makalenin iki amacı vardır: öncelikle, Türkiye’nin Kyoto Protokolü’nü görece geç onaylanmasının arkasında yatan etmenleri belirlemek, sonrasında da, Türkiye’nin Kyoto Protokolü’ne yönelik izlemiş olduğu politikaların, uluslararası anlaşmaların devletler tarafından onanma süreçlerine ilişkin gözlemlenmiş nedenlerine ve teorik açıklamalara uygunluğunu tartışmaktır. Bu makalenin ampirik malzemeleri, Türkiye’de iklim değişikliği politikası alanında etkin olan kimi aktörlerle yapılan görüşmelerden, ilgili bakanlıkların web sayfalarından, parlamento tartışmalarından ve Türk medyasından oluşmaktadır. Makale, Türkiye’nin anlaşmayı uzunca bir süre imzalamaktan kaçınmasının ardında yatan temel kaygının, Protokol’ün ülke üzerinde algılanan ekonomik maliyetleri olduğunu tesbit ederken, Protokol’ün 2009’da imzalamış olmasının en önemli nedenini, Türkiye’nin Avrupa Birliği üyeliğinden beklentileri olarak belirlemiştir. Makale, son olarak uluslararası çevre anlaşmalarını açıklayan teorilerin esas olarak birbirini dışlayan değil, tamamlayan bir karakter göstermelerine karşın, kurumsalcı (institutionalist) teorinin Türkiye’nin Kyoto Protokolü’nü imzalanması sürecini daha kapsamlı olarak açıklayabildiğini savunmaktadır.
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