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Resifler: Genel Karakterleri, Fasiyesleri, Evrimi ve Ekonomik Önemi

Reefs: General characteristics, faciès, evolution and économie importance

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Reefs have long been subject of considerable, interest for their importance in carbonate depositional systems » sea-level changes,, paleontology and hydrocarbon: exploration, at present there exist a large amount of information on reefs •and refold carbonate bodies in 'the. related literature. The aim of this paper is to provide an. introductory review on. reefs to contribute towards reef studies. Reef is a rigid.,, wave resistant organic structure, mainly built by large, frame building skeletal metazoans (corals and corralinie algae) .and the associated accessory organisms, such, as encrusting foraminifers, calcareous algae, bryozoas,,, mollusk., sponges etc,.,, that act as fr.amebin.ders and sediment producers. Reefs, develope at the well-lighted, aerated., nutrient-rich,,, warm .and shallow waters- of the stable sheld seas and carbonate platforms of passive- continental margins. Reef growth and development is controlled by a number of physical, and. biological factors including nature of the reef building, organisms, underlying topography» sea-level changes and wave energy. Reefs, though differing in shape -and. dimensions, form topographic highs with, a well-developed as.symmelxi.cal cross-profile characterised by morphological and ecological, zones and the associated, faciès.. Reefs, evolved, through the geological time from Precambiran-Early Paleozoic stromatolite buildups through Mesozoic reefs with Tubiphytes and coral-algal communities .and rudistid reefs to Tertiary .and Modem organic framework, built by heraiatypic scleractinnian corals and coralline algae.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Resifler, karbona! çökelme sistemleri içerisinde, deniz düzeyi oynamaları» paleontoloji, paleoekoloji ve petrol araşnrmalarındaki önemleri nedeni ile uzun yıllar boyunca ayrıntılı olarak incelenmişlerdir. Günümüzde resifler ve resifal karbonatlar konusunda yayınlanmış geniş bir bilgi birikimi bulunmaktadır. Bu derleme niteliğindeki yayın., resif konusundaki çalışmalara katkıda, bulunmak; amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Resif, katı ve dalgaya, dayanıklı organik bir yapıdır. Bu. yapı» çatı oluşturucu iri iskeleti metazoalar (mercanlar, mercanımsı aig;ier) ile kabuk, bağlayıcı foraminiferler, çeşitli kalkerli algler,,, hryozoalar, molluskîar, süngerler gibi diğer çatı bağlayıcı ve çökel üretici işlevleri gören organizmalardan oluşur,. Resifler, pasif kıta kenarlarındaki şelflerin, veya. karbonat platformlarının bol ışıklı, oksijen ve besleyicilerle zengin. ılık sığ sularında, gelişir. Bir resif büyümesi ve gelişimi resifi, oluşturan, organizmaların doğası, deniz tabanının topografyası, deniz düzeyi oynamaları, dalga enerjisi gibi. bir dizi ' fiziksel ve biyolojik faktörler tarafından denetlenir, Resifler, biçimleri ve boyutları farklı olmakla, beraber asimetrik bir profil, gösteren morfo-ekolojik kuşaklar ve fasiyesler ile karakterize edilen, topoğrafük bir yapı oluştururlar., Resifler, jeolojik geçmiş boyunca, evrim geçirerek Prekambriyen ve Erken Paleozoyik'in stromatolitli yığışımlarından, Mesozoyik'teki Tubiphyt'li mercanh ve rodistli resiflere, Tersiyer ve. günümüzde ise seleraetinian mercanlar ve mercanımsı alglerin oluşturduğu organik çatıdokulu resifler konumuna gelmişlerdir.
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