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ZORUNLU REGRESYON, TRANSGRESYON VE SEDİMAN GETİRİMİNİN, HAVZA KENARI ÇÖKELME SİSTEMLERİNİN SEDİMANTOLOJİK VE İSTİF STRATİGRAFİK GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ KONTROLÜ, ERMENEK HAVZASI (ORTA TOROSLAR)

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Abstract (Original Language): 
Orta Toroslarda, Bozkır ve Aladağ naplarının üzerinde yer alan Ermenek Havzası, Erken Miyosen yaşlı gölsel kırıntılı kayaçlar (Yenimahalle formasyonu) ile Orta Miyosen yaşlı resifal şelf karbonatlarından (Mut formas¬yonu) kuruludur. Bu çalışma, Ermenek havzasının güney kenarındaki kırıntılı istifinin fasiyes analizi ve istif stratig-rafik incelenmesini konu almaktadır. İstifi oluşturan alüvyon yelpazesi, Gilbert-tipi delta, plaj ve kıyı yüzü çökelleri yanal ve düşey yönde birbirleriyle geçişlidirler. Bu çökelme sistemleri düşey istif içinde pek çok kez tekrarlanırlar. Sedimanter süreçlerin yanı sıra, tektonik ve iklime bağlı göl düzeyi değişimi ile havzaya gelen sediman miktarının, havza kenarı çökelme sistemlerinin sedimantolojik ve istif stratigrafik gelişimi üzerindeki kontrolü bu çalışma ile irdelenmiştir. Fayla sınırlı olan havza güney kenarı istifi akarsu etkin alüvyon yelpazesi ve delta düzlüğü çökelle-rinden, kütle akması süreçlerinin hakim olduğu delta ön takım çökellerinden ve yüksek enerjili plaj ve kıyı yüzü çökellerinden oluşur. Gerileyen ya da ilerleyen istiflenme şekli oluşturan bu fasiyes birlikleri yüksek sıklıkta göl düzeyi değişimlerini yansıtırlar. Yenimahalle formasyonu içinde zorunlu regresyonu yansıtan erozyonal uyumsuz¬luk yüzeyleri ile sınırlanan dört adet istif tanımlanmıştır. Düşük su düzeyi sistem birimi, istif sınırları üzerinde yer alan alüvyon yelpazesi çökellerinden oluşur. Alüvyon yelpazesi üzerinde aşmalı olarak yer alan ve gerileyen istif¬lenme şekli oluşturan Gilbert-tipi delta, kıyı yüzü ve plaj çökelleri 1. 2. ve 3. istifin transgresif sistem birimlerini oluşturur. 4.istif ise, düşük su düzeyi sistem biriminin üzerinde, yüksek su düzeyi sistem biriminin ilerleyen Gilbert-tipi delta çökelleri ile tanımlanır. İstifler, çökelme evrimi boyunca göl düzeyi değişimlerine bağlı olarak gelişen paleocoğrafik değişimleri yansıtmaktadır. Fasiyes, sistem birimi ve istiflerin gelişimi, sedimanter süreçlerin yanı sıra tektonik, iklim ve havzaya taşınan sediman miktarı tarafından kontrol edilmiştir. Tektonik, havza içindeki çök¬me ya da yükselmeyi kontrol ederek su seviyesi ve çökelme alanı hacminin değişimine; artmasına ya da azalma¬sına neden olmuştur. Havzadaki su miktarı ve havzaya taşınan sediman miktarı iklim denetiminde gerçekleşmiştir, istif içindeki fasiyeslerin dağılımı ve yanal değişimi ise sediman miktarı ve beslenme alanı tarafından kontrol edil¬miştir.
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