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Suç ve Suçla Mücadelenin Ekonomik Analizi

The Economics of Crime and Law Enforcement

Journal Name:

  • Polis Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2011

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The economics of crime is a relatively new approach to the study of crime and law enforcement. This article provides a review of basic arguments and important discussions of economics of crime literature. Economic approach refutes the time-stable individual differences as an explanation of criminal behavior, and argues that crime is a product of some proximate and situational factors. Criminals are rational utility-maximizers, and, like everyone else, they respond to the incentives available to them. They compare the benefits and costs of legitimate and illegitimate activities, and commit the offense if they find that crime pays. Increasing the severity of punishment and using fines wherever possible are economically optimal law enforcement strategies. One of the most important contributions of economic approach to the study of crime and law enforcement is the application of econometric models in the field. On the other hand, this became one of the most criticized aspects of economic approach.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Suçun ekonomik modellerle analizi, suç ve suçla mücadele alanında nispeten yeni bir yaklaşımdır. Bu makalede, suçun ekonomik analizi literatüründeki temel konular ve tartışmalar sunulmaktadır. Ekonomik yaklaşım suçun; kişilerin sahip oldukları farklılıklarla açıklanmasını reddederek, kişinin çevresi ve çevresinde gerçekleşen olayların bir ürünü olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Buna göre suçlular, elde edecekleri faydayı maksimize etmeye çalışan ve herkes gibi çevresindeki etkilere cevap veren kişilerdir. Suçlular, imkânları dâhilindeki yasal ve yasa dışı faaliyetlerin fayda ve zararlarını karşılaştırmakta ve illegal aktivitelerin kârlı olacağını düşündüğünde suçu işlemektedirler. Cezaların şiddetinin arttırılması ve mümkün olan yerlerde para cezalarının tercih edilmesi ekonomik açıdan optimal suçla mücadele yöntemleri olarak belirginleşmektedir. Ekonomik yaklaşımın suç ve suçla mücadeleyle ilgili çalışmalara en önemli katkılarından birisi, ekonometrik modellerin bu alanda kullanılması olmuştur. Diğer yandan, ekonometrik modellerin bu alanda kullanımı ekonomik yaklaşımın en sık eleştirilen özelliğidir.
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  • Turkish

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