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AVRUPA BİRLİĞÎ'NİN ADALET VE İÇİŞLERİNDE İŞBİRLİĞİ POLİTİKASI

Justice and Home Affairs Policy of the European Union

Journal Name:

  • Polis Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2004

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
AJustice and Home Affairs (JHA) cooperation in the European Union did not begin with the formal creation of the third pillar when the Treaty on the European Union (Maastricht Treaty) entered into force on November 1, 1993. Rather such cooperation had a lengthy, secretive and intricate pre-history. Discussions during the 1960s and early 1970s on civil cooperation treaties pursuant to Article 220 E.E.C. (now Article 293 E.C.) and a treaty to combat fraud against E.C. financial interests initially took place within ad hoc working groups. Later, discussions on such subjects took place in a vvorking group on judicial cooperation established under the patronage of European Political Cooperation, the intergovernmental process for coordinating Member States' foreign policy first established in 1970. Beginning in 1976, several working groups on terrorism,poliçe cooperation, drugs and customs cooperation were established as part of the "Trevi" process concerning joint responses to security threats. Finally, starting in 1986, an intergovernmental "Ad hoc group on immigration" was established, with several sub-groups, to address visa, immigration and asylum issues arising from the planned completion of the E.C.'s internal market. With agreement on the Maastricht Treaty, intergovernmental cooperation in these areas was formalised in Title VI of the new Treaty.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Avrupa Birliğinde Adalet ve içişlerinde işbirliği, 1993'de yürürlüğe giren Ma-astricht Antlaşmasında üçüncü sütunun resmen ortaya çıkarılması ile başlamadı. Bu türden işbirliğin, uzun, kapalı ve karmaşık bir tarihi süreci vardır. 1960'lar ve 1970'lerin başlarında, AET Antlaşmasının 220. maddesine (yeni m. 293 ATA) uygun sivil işbirliği ve AT'nin mali çıkarlarına karşı yolsuzlukla mücadele etmek için yapılacak bir antlaşma hakkındaki tartışmalar, başlangıçta, ad hoc çalışma grupları içinde yürütüldü. Daha sonra, bu tür konularda yapılan tartışmalar, hükümetlerarası bir süreç olarak üye devletlerin dış politikalarını koordine etmek amacıyla 1970'de kurulan Avrupa Siyasal Işbirliği'nin patronajı altındaki adli işbirliği çalışma grubu içinde yürütüldü. 1976'dan itibaren, güvenlik tehditlerine ortak mukabeleyi amaçlayan "Trevi" girişiminin parçası olarak, terörizm, polis işbirliği, uyuşturucu ve gümrük işbirliğine ilişkin birkaç çalışma grubu kuruldu. Son olarak 1986'dan itibaren, AT'nin iç pazarının tamamlanması planından doğacak vize, göç ve iltica konularıyla ilgilenecek hükümetlerarası bir "ad hoc göç grubu", birkaç alt grup ile birlikte kuruldu. Bu alanlarda hükümetlerarası işbirliği, Maastricht Antlaşması'nda yer alan Başlık VI içinde resmileştirildi. Amsterdam Antlaşması, bu alandaki konuların bir çoğunun Topluluk düzeyinde yürütülmesini öngördü.
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