1. Choo QL, Kuo G, Weiner AJ, Overby LR, Bradley DW,
Houghton M: Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a
blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome. Science
1989; 21; 244(4902):359-362
2. Pawlotsky JM: Hepatitis C virus genetic variability:
Pathogenic and clinical implications. Clin Liver Dis 2003;
7(1):45-66
3. Purcell R: The hepatitis C virus: Overview. Hepatology
1997; 26(3 Suppl 1):11-14
4. Poynard T, Yuen MF, Ratziu V, Lai CL: Viral hepatitis C.
Lancet 2003;362; 2095–2100
5. Perico N, Cattaneo D, Bikbov B, Remuzzi G: Hepatits C
infection and chronic renal diseases. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
2009; 4 (1):207–220
AFŞAR B ve ark: Hepatit C Enfeksiyonu ve Diyaliz
Cilt/Vol. 18, No, 3, 2009 Sayfa/Page 152-159
156
Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi
Turkish Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Journal
157
6. Meyers CM, Seeff LB, Stehman-Breen CO, Hoofnagle JH:
Hepatitis C and renal disease: An update. Am J Kidney Dis
2003; 42: 631–657
7. Liang TJ, Rehermann B, Seeff LB, Hoofnagle JH:
Pathogenesis, natural history, treatment, and prevention of
hepatitis C. Ann Intern Med 2000;15 132(4):296-305
8. Colombo M: Natural history and pathogenesis of hepatitis
C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 1999;
31 Suppl 1:25-30
9. Tang S, Lai KN: Chronic viral hepatitis in hemodialysis
patients. Hemodial Int 2005; 9: 169–179
10. Furusyo N, Hayashi J, Kanamoto-Tanaka Y, Ariyama I,
Etoh Y, Shigematsu M, Kashiwagi S: Liver damage in
hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C virus viremia: A
prospective 10-year study. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45: 2221–
2228
11. Fabrizi F, Martin P, Dixit V, Bunnapradist S, Dulai G: Metaanalysis:
Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on mortality
in dialysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20: 1271–1277
12. Pol S, Vallet-Pichard A, Fontaine H, Lebray P: HCV
infection and hemodialysis. Semin Nephrol 2002; 22:331–
339
13. Knoll GA, Tankersley MR, Lee JY, Julian BA, Curtis JJ:
The impact of renal transplantation on survival in hepatitis
C-positive end-stage renal disease patients. Am J Kidney
Dis 1997; 29:608–614
14. Wreghitt TG: Blood-borne virus infections in dialysis units
a review. Rev Med Virol. 1999; 9(2):101-109
15. Registry of the Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation
in Turkey, Registry 2007
16. Chan TM, Lok AS, Cheng IK, Chan RT. Prevalence of
hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients: A
longitudinal study comparing the results of RNA and
antibody assays. Hepatology 1993;17(1):5-8
17. Zeldis JB, Depner TA, Kuramoto IK, Gish RG, Holland
PV: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies
among hemodialysis patients. Ann Intern Med 1990;
15;112(12):958-960
18. Sampietro M, Badalamenti S, Graziani G: Nosocomial
hepatitis C in dialysis units. Nephron 1996; 74(2):251-260
19. Barril G: Hepatitis C virus-induced liver disease in dialysis
patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000; 15 Suppl 8:42-45
20. Hoofnagle JH: Hepatitis C: The clinical spectrum of
disease. Hepatology. 1997; 26(3 Suppl 1):15-20
21. Seeff LB, Buskell-Bales Z, Wright EC, Durako SJ, Alter
HJ, Iber FL, Hollinger FB, Gitnick G, Knodell RG, Perrillo
RP: Long-term mortality after transfusion-associated
non-A, non-B hepatitis. The National Heart, Lung,
and Blood Institute Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992;
31;327(27):1906-1911
22. Zoulim F: Hepatitis C virus infection in special groups. J
Hepatol 1999; 31 Suppl 1:130-135
23. Fabrizi F, Poordad FF, Martin P: Hepatitis C infection and
the patient with end-stage renal disease. Hepatology 2002;
36(1):3-10
24. Neng Lai K: Hepatitis C infection screening in hemodialysis
units. Am J Kidney Dis 2001;38(1):186-188
25. Saab S, Brezina M, Gitnick G, Martin P, Yee HF Jr:
Hepatitis C screening strategies in hemodialysis patients.
Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 38(1):91-97
26. Fabrizi F, Martin P: Hepatitis C virus infection in dialysis:
An emerging clinical reality. Int J Artif Organs 2001;
24(3):123-130
27. Lopez-Alcorocho JM, Barril G, Ortiz-Movilla N, Traver
JA, Bartolome J, Sanz P, Selgas R, Carreno V: Prevalence
of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, GB virus C/hepatitis G and TT
viruses in predialysis and hemodialysis patients. J Med
Virol 2001; 63(2):103-107
28. Fabrizi F, Takkouche B, Lunghi G, Dixit V, Messa P, Martin
P: The impact of hepatitis C virus infection on survival in
dialysis patients: Meta-analysis of observational studies. J
Viral Hepat 2007; 14: 697–703
29. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kilpatrick RD, McAllister CJ, Miller
LG, Daar ES, Gjertson DW, Kopple JD, Greenland S:
Hepatitis C virus and death risk in hemodialysis patients. J
Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18:1584–1593
30. Goodkin DA, Bragg-Gresham JL, Koenig KG, Wolfe RA,
Akiba T, Andreucci VE, Saito A, Rayner HC, Kurokawa
K, Port FK, Held PJ, Young EW: Association of comorbid
conditions and mortality in hemodialysis patients in Europe,
Japan, and the United States: The Dialysis Outcomes and
Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). J Am Soc Nephrol 2003;
14(12):3270-3277
31. Forns X, Bukh J, Purcell RH: The challenge of developing a
vaccine against hepatitis C virus J Hepatol 2002; 37(5):684-
695
32. Kuo G, Choo QL, Alter HJ, Gitnick GL, Redeker AG,
Purcell RH, Miyamura T, Dienstag JL, Alter MJ, Stevens
CE: An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic
virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science 1989;
21;244(4902):362-364
33. Roggendorf M, Lu M, Meisel H, Riffelmann M, Schreier E,
Viazov S: Rational use of diagnostic tools in hepatitis C. J
Hepatol 1996; 24(2 Suppl):26-34
34. Moreira RC, Lemos MF, Longui CA, Granato C: Hepatitis
C and hemodialysis: A review. Braz J Infect Dis 2005;
9(4):269-275.
35. Garson JA, Ring C, Tuke P, Tedder RS: Enhanced
detection by PCR of hepatitis C virus RNA. Lancet 1990;
336(8719):878-879
36. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:
Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections
among chronic hemodialysis patients. MMWR Recomm
Rep 2001; 50: 1–43
37. Pawa S, Ehrinpreis M, Mutchnick M, Janisse J, Dhar R,
Siddiqui FA: Percutaneous liver biopsy is safe in chronic
hepatitis C patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin
Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5:1316–1320
38. Ozdogan M, Ozgur O, Boyacioplu S, Coskun M, Kart H,
Ozdal S, Telatar H: Percutaneous liver biopsy complications
in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephron 1996; 74:
442–443
AFŞAR B ve ark: Hepatit C Enfeksiyonu ve Diyaliz
Cilt/Vol. 18, No, 3, 2009 Sayfa/Page 152-159
Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi
Turkish Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Journal
39. Imbert-Bismut F, Ratziu V, Pieroni L, Charlotte F, Benhamou
Y, Poynard T: MULTIVIRC Group: Biochemical markers
of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection:
A prospective study. Lancet 2001; 357:1069–1075
40. Varaut A, Fontaine H, Serpaggi J, Verkarre V, Vallet-
Pichard A, Nalpas B, Imbertbismuth F, Lebray P, Pol S:
Diagnostic accuracy of the fibrotest in hemodialysis and
renal transplant patients with chronic hepatitis C virus.
Transplantation 2005; 80:1550–1555
41. Rodriguez-Inigo E, Casqueiro M, Bartolome J, Barat A,
Caramelo C, Ortiz A, Albalate M, Oliva H, Manzano ML,
Carreno V: Hepatitis C virus RNA in kidney biopsies from
infected patients with renal diseases. J Viral Hepat 2000; 7:
23–29
42. Sansonno D, Gesualdo L, Manno C, Schena FP, Dammacco
F: Hepatitis C virus-related proteins in kidney tissue from
hepatitis C-virus infected patients with cryoglobulinemic
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Hepatology
1997; 25: 1237–1244
43. Barsoum RS: Hepatitis C virus: From entry to renal
injury— Facts and potentials. Nephrol Dial Transplant
2007; 22:1840–1848
44. Lhotta K: Beyond hepatorenal syndrome:
Glomerulonephritis in patients with liver disease. Semin
Nephrol 2002; 22:302–308
45. Alpers CE, Kowalewska J: Emerging paradigms in the
renal pathology of viral diseases. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
2007; 2[Suppl 1]: 6–12
46. Lamprecht P, Gause A, Gross WL: Cryoglobulinemic
vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 2507–2516
47. Ratziu V, Heurtier A, Bonyhay L, Poynard T, Giral P:
Review article: An unexpected virus-host interaction—The
hepatitis C virus-diabetes link. Aliment Pharmacol Ther
2005; 22[Suppl 2]: 56–60
48. Kawaguchi T, Yoshida T, Harada M, Hisamoto T, Nagao
Y, Ide T, Taniguchi E, Kumemura H, Hanada S, Maeyama
M, Baba S, Koga H, Kumashiro R, Ueno T, Ogata H,
Yoshimura A, Sata M: Hepatitis C virus down-regulates
insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 through up-regulation of
suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. Am J Pathol 2004; 165:
1499– 1508
49. Shintani Y, Fujie H, Miyoshi H, Tsutsumi T, Tsukamoto K,
Kimura S, Moriya K, Koike K: Hepatitis C virus infection
and diabetes: Direct involvement of the virus in the
development of insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 2004;
126: 840–848
50. Sarafidis PA, Ruilope LM: Insulin resistance,
hyperinsulinemia, and renal injury: Mechanisms and
implications. Am J Nephrol 2006; 26: 232–244
51. Foster GR, Goldin RD, Thomas HC: Chronic hepatitis C
virus infection causes a significant reduction in quality of
life in the absence of cirrhosis. Hepatology 1998; 27(1):209-
212
52. Bonkovsky HL, Woolley JM: Reduction of health-related
quality of life in chronic hepatitis C and improvement with
interferon therapy.The Consensus Interferon Study Group.
Hepatology 1999;29(1):264-270
53. Spiegel BM, Younossi ZM, Hays RD, Revicki D, Robbins
S, Kanwal F: Impact of hepatitis C on health related quality
of life: A systematic review and quantitative assessment.
Hepatology 2005; 41(4):790-800
54. Cordoba J, Flavia M, Jacas C, Sauleda S, Esteban JI, Vargas
V, Esteban R, Guardia J: Quality of life and cognitive
function in hepatitis C at different stages of liver disease. J
Hepatol 2003; 39(2):231-238
55. Afsar B, Elsurer R, Sezer S, Ozdemir NF: Quality of life
in hemodialysis patients:hepatitis C virus infection makes
sense. Int Urol Nephrol 2009 May 9 (Epub ahead of print)
56. Afsar B, Sezer S, Ozdemir NF, Haberal M: Quality of life
is not related with liver disease severity but with anemia
malnutrition,and depression in HCV-infected hemodialysis
patients Hemodial Int 2009; Jan;13(1):62-71
57. Kalantar Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Block G, Humphreys MH:
Association among SF36 quality of life measures and
nutrition, hospitalization, and mortality in hemodialysis. J
Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12 (12):2797-2806
58. Poynard T, Marcellin P, Lee SS, Niederau C, Minuk GS,
Ideo G, Bain V, Heathcote J, Zeuzem S, Trepo C, Albrecht
J: Randomised trial of interferon alpha 2b plus ribavirin for
48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon alpha2b plus
placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection
with hepatitis C virus. Lancet 1998;352: 1426–1432
59. McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, Schiff ER, Shiffman ML,
Lee WM, Rustgi VK, Goodman ZD, Ling MH, Cort S,
Albrecht JK: Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination
with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C.
Hepatitis Interventional Therapy Group N Engl J Med
1998; 339: 1485–1492
60. Thevenot T, Regimbeau C, Ratziu V, Leroy V, Opolon P,
Poynard T: Meta-analysis of interferon randomized trials
in the treatment of viral hepatitis C in naive patients: 1999
Update. J Viral Hepat 2001; 8: 48–62
61. Zeuzem S, Teuber G, Naumann U, Berg T, Raedle J,
Hartmann S, Hopf U: Randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled
trial of interferon alfa2a with and without
amantadine as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C.
Hepatology 2000; 32: 835–841
62. Fehr T, Ambuhl PM: Chronic hepatitis virus infections
in patients on renal replacement therapy. Nephrol Dial
Transplant 2004; 19: 1049–1053
63. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development
Conference Panel statement: Management of hepatitis C.
Hepatology 1997; 26(3 Suppl 1):2-10
64. Morales JM, Campistol JM, Dominguez-Gil B: Hepatitis C
virus infection and kidney transplantation. Semin Nephrol
2002 ; 22(4):365-374
AFŞAR B ve ark: Hepatit C Enfeksiyonu ve Diyaliz
Cilt/Vol. 18, No, 3, 2009 Sayfa/Page 152-159
158
Türk Nefroloji Diyaliz ve Transplantasyon Dergisi
Turkish Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Journal
159
65. Fabrizi F, Dixit V, Messa P, Martin P: Interferon monotherapy
of chronic hepatitis C in dialysis patients: Metaanalysis of
clinical trials. J Viral Hepat 2008; 15: 79–88
66. Degos F, Pol S, Chaix ML, Laffitte V, Buffet C, Bernard
PH, Degott C, Carnot F, Riffaud PC, Chevret S: The
tolerance and efficacy of interferon-alpha in haemodialysis
patients with HCV infection: A multicentre, prospective
study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16(5):1017-1023
67. Foster GR: Review article: pegylated interferons: Chemical
and clinical differences. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 20:
825–830
68. Gordon CE, Uhlig K, Lau J, Schmid CH, Levey AS, Wong
JB: Interferon treatment in hemodialysis patients with
chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A systematic review of
the literature and meta-analysis of treatment efficacy and
harms. Am J Kidney Dis 2008; 51: 263–277
69. Fabrizi F, Lunghi G, Ganeshan SV, Martin P, Messa P:
Hepatitis C virus infection and the dialysis patient Semin
Dial 2007; 20: 416–422
70. Bruchfeld A, Lindahl K, Stahle L, Soderberg M, Schvarcz
R: Interferon and ribavirin treatment in patients with
hepatitis C-associated renal disease and renal insufficiency.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18(8):1573-1580
71. Mousa DH, Abdalla AH, Al-Shoail G, Al-Sulaiman MH, Al-
Hawas FA, Al-Khader AA: Alpha-interferon with ribavirin
in the treatment of hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C.
Transplant Proc 2004;36:1831–1834
72. Tan AC, Brouwer JT, Glue P, van Leusen R, Kauffmann RH,
Schalm SW, de Vries RA, Vroom B: Safety of interferon
and ribavirin in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C:
Results of a pilot study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001;16:
193–195
Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com
