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Sigara İçme Davranışında Cinsiyet Farkı ve Nikotinin Temel Etki Mekanizmaları

SEX DIFFERENCE IN SMOKING BEHAVIOR AND THE BASIC MECHANISM OF THE NICOTINE EFFECTS

Journal Name:

  • Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2004

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Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Nicotine is the primary component of tobacco that causes its habitual use. Smoking is responsible for diseases and death. Therefor e there are a lot of cessation and replacement therapy programs to give up smoking. Although tobacco smoking has declined over the past 30 years, the decline has been less pronounced in women and especially in adolescent girls than in men. Studies made to clarify the underlying causes of this fact reveal that smoking behavior may be different in men then women. Nicotine acts on the dopaminergic system of the brain that leads the smoking behavior. In some studies, nicotine induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens; a very important point in the rewarding system is higher in female rats then in males. It is assumed that, this difference is related to the hormones and it is proven that, in ovariec-tomized rats, nicotine induced dopamine release in nucleus accumbens is declined. It is likely that estrogen is effective on smoking behavior and cessation. It is necessary that gender differences should be considered for better success of cessa¬tion and replacement therapy programs and therapeutic approaches should be developed under this point of view.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Nikotin, tütün bağımlılığının birinci etkenidir. Sigara hastalıklar ve ölümden sorumludur. Bu nedenle sigarayı bırakmak için birçok program ve replasman tedavisi geliştirilmiştir. Son 30 yılda sigara içiminde bir azalma olmasına rağmen kadınlar ve özellikle adolesan kızlarda azalma erkeklere göre daha az belirgindir. Bunun nedenini aydınlatmak için yapılan çalışmalar, kadın ve erkeğin sigara içme davranışlarının farklı olabileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Nikotin, sigara içme davranışının sürdürülmesi için beyindeki dopaminerjik sistemi etkiler. Bazı çalışmalar önemli bir bağımlılık merkezi olan nukleus akkumbenste niko¬tine dopamin yanıtının dişi hayvanlarda daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu farkın hormonlarla ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmüş ve yumurtalıkları alınmış sıçanlarda nükleus akkumbenste-ki nikotine bağlı dopamin salınımının azaldığı saptanmıştır. Östrojenin sigara içmede ve bırakmada etkili olması muhte¬meldir. Sigarayı bırakma programları ve replasman tedavilerin¬de cinsiyet farkının göz önünde tutulması ve tedavi yaklaşımlarının bu açıdan geliştirilmesi gereklidir.
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  • Turkish

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