1. Kannel WB: Need and prospects for prevention of cardiac failure.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 49: 53-59.
2. Mehra MR, Lavie CJ, Ventura HO: Diastolic dsyfunction. What
role does it play in heart failure? Internal Med 1995; 11: 12-24.
3. Jilma B, Krejey K, Dirnberger E, et al: Effects of angiotensin II
infusion at pressor and subpressor does on endothelin-1 plasma
level in healty men. Life Sci 1997; 60: 1859-1866.
4. Cody RJ: The integrated effects of angiotensin II. Am J Cardiol
1997; 79: 9-11.
5. Izzo JL, Moser M: Clinical impact of renin-angiotensin system
blockade: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors vs. angiotensin receptor antagonists. J Clin Hypertens 2002; 4: 11-19.
6. Jaramillo LP, Casas JP: Endothelial dysfunction, angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists. J Hum
Hypertens 2002; 16: 34-37.
7. Sheth T, Parker T, Block A, et al: The IMPRESS Investigators.
Comparison of the effects of omapatrilat and lisinopril on circulating neurohormones and cytokines in patients with chronic heart
failure. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90: 496-500.
8. Guidi E, Minetti EE, Cozzi MG: Acute and long-term effects of
ACE inhibition on renal haemodynamics in glomerular and interstitial nephropathies. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2002;
3: 40-45.
9. Swedberg K, Kjekshus J, Snapinn S, et al: Long-term survival in
severe heart failure in patients treated with enalapril. Ten year follow-up of CONSENSUS I. Eur Heart J 1999; 20:136-139.
10. The SOLVD Investigators: Effect of enalapril on survival in
ptients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 293-302
11. Chon JN, Johnson G, Ziesche S, et al: A comparison of enalapril
with hydralazine- isosorbite dinitrate in the treatment of chronic
congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 303-310.
12. The Acute Infarction Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators: Effect
of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet
1993; 342: 812-828.
13. Carlsen J, TRACE Study Group: Result of the trandolapril cardiac
evaluation study. Am J of Hypert 1995; 8: 3A
14. Yusuf S, Nicklas JM, Timmis G, et al: Effect of enalapril on
mortality and the development of heart failure in asymptomatic
patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. N Engl J
Med 1992; 325: 293-302..
15. Sutton JM, Pfeffer MA, Moye L, et al: Cardiovascular death and
left ventricular remodeling two years after myocardial infarction:
baseline predictors and impact of long-term use of captopril: information from the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement
(SAVE) trial. Circulation 1997; 96: 3294-32999.
16. Brown NJ, Vaughan ED: Angiotensin-converting enzym inhibitors. Circulation 1998; 97: 1411-1420.
17. Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, et al: ACC/AHA Guidelines for
the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the
Adult. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38: 2101-2113.
18. Parker M, Poole-Wilson PA, Amstrong PW, et al: Comparative
effects of high doses of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure:
ATLAS study group. Circulation 1999; 100: 2312-2318.
19. Pitt B, Segal R, Martinez FA, et al: Randomised trial of losartan
versus captopril in patients over 65 with heart failure: Evaluation
of Losartan in Elderly Study, ELITE. Lancet 1997; 349: 747-752.
20. Pitt B, Poole- Wilson PA, Segal R, et al: Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic
heart failure: randomised trial the Losartan Heart Failure Survival
Study ELİTE II. Lancet 2000; 355: 1582-1587.
21. McKelvie RS, Yusuf S, Pericak D, et al: Compasion of candesartan, enalapril, and their combination in congestive heart failure.
Randomised evalution of strategies for left ventricular dysfunction (RESOLVD) pilot study. The RESOLVD Pilot Study Investigators. Circulation 1999; 100: 1056-1064.
22. Latini R, Masson S, Anand I, et al:Effects of valsartan on
circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in
symptomatic chronic heart failure: The Valsartan Heart Failure
Trial (Val-HeFT). Circulation 2002; 106: 2454-2458.
23. Dickstein K, Kjekshus J; OPTIMAAL Steering Committee for the
OPTIMAAL Study Group: Effects of losartan and captopril on
mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute
myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL randomised trial.Lancet
2002; 360: 752-760.
24. Pfeffer MA, McMurray J, Leizorovicz A, et al: Valsartan in acute
myocardial infarction trial VALIANT: rationale and design. Am
Heart J 2000; 140: 727-750.
25. Kozan Ö, Keskin V: Kalp yetmezliğinde diüretik tedavi. T
Cardiol Seminars 2001; 2: 16-22.
26. Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ: The effect of spironolactone on
morbidity in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized
Aldactone Evauation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999;
341: 709-717.
27. Cohn MJ, Levine B, Olivari MT, et al:Plasma norepinephrine as a
guide to prognosis in patient with chronic congestive heart failure.
N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 819-823
28. Aksöyek S: Kalp yetersizliği tedavisinde beta blokerler. T Klin J
Cardiol 2000; 13: 47-57
29. Bristow MR: Beta adrenerjik receptor blockade in chronic heart
failure. Circulation 2000; 101: 558-569.
30. Colucci WS, Packer M, Bristow MR, et al:For the US heart
failure study group. Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in
patiants with mild symptoms of heart failure. Circulation 1996;
94: 2800-2806.
31. Eicharn EJ, Heejeh CM, Barnett JH, et al: Effect of metoprolol on
myocardial function and energetic in patient with nonischemic
dilated cardiomyopathy. A randomized double blind placebo
controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994; 24: 1310-1320.
32. The international steering commitee on behalf of the MERIT-HF
study group: Effect of metoprolol CR/XL chronic heart failure:
Metoprolol CR/XL randomized intervention trial in congestive
heart failure. Lancet 1999;353: 2001-2007.
33. CIBIS-II investigators and commitees: The cardiac insuffiency
bisoprolol study II (CIBIS II). A randomized trial. Lancet 1999;
353: 9-13.
34. Packer M, Coats AJS, Fowler MB, et al: Effect of carvedilol on
survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:
1851-1858.
35. BEST investigators: A trial of the beta blocker bucindolol in
patients with advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001;
344:1659-1667. A. Aydın, ark.
120
36. Kiowski W, Linder L, Stoschitzky K, et al: Diminished vascular
response to inhibition of endothelium derived nitric oxide and
enhanced vasoconstrition to exogenously administered
endothelin-1 in clinically healty smokers. Circulation 1994; 90:
27-34.
37. Giverts MM, Colucci WS: News targets for heart failure
therapy:Endothelin, inflamatory cytokines and oxidative stress.
Lancet. 1998; 352 (supp 1): 5134-5138.
38. O’Connor CM, Gattis WA, Kirkwood FA, et al: Tezosentan in
patients with acute heart failure and acute coronary syndromes:
Design of the Randomized Intravenous Tezosentan Study (RITZ-
4). Am Heart J 2002; 144: 583-588.
39. Cody RJ, Haas GJ, Binkley PF, Capers Q, Kelly R: Plasma
endothelin correlates with the extent of pulmonary hypertension
in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Circulation
1992; 85: 504-509.
40. Loffler BM, Breu V, Clozel M: Effect of different endothelin
receptor antagonists and of the non-peptide antagonist Ro 46-
2005 on endothelin levels in rat plasma. FEBS lett 1993; 533:
108-110.
41. Öngen Z: Kalp yetersizliğinde yeni farmakolojik tedavi yaklaşımları. T Cardiol Seminars 2001; 2: 54-62.
42. Mylona P, Cleland JGF: Update of REACH-1 and MERITHFclincal trials in heart failure. Eur J Heart Failure 1999; 1: 197-
200.
43. Dupuis J, Rouleau JL, Cernacek P, et al: Reduced pulmonary
clearance of endothelin-1 contributes to the increase of circulating
levels in heart failure secondary to myocardial infarction.
Circulation 1998; 98: 1684-1687.
44. Spieker LE, Mitrovic V, Noll G, et al:Acute hemoynamic and
neurohumoral effect of selective ET A receptor blockade in
patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;
35: 1745-1752.
45. Louis A, Cleland JGF, Crabbe S, et al: Clinical trials update:
CAPRICORN, COPERNICUS, MIRACLE, STAF, RITZ-2,
RECOVER AND RENAISSANCE and cachaexia and cholesterol
in heart failure. Highlights of scientific sessions of the American
College of Cardiology, 2001. Eur J Heart Failure 2001; 3: 381-
387.
46. Trippodo NC, Fox M, Natarajan V, et al: Combined inhibition of
neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin converting enzym in
cardiomyopathic hamsters with compansated heart failure. J
Pharmachol Exp Ther 1993; 267: 108-117.
47. Rouleau JL, Pfeffer MA, Stewart DJ, et al: Comparison of
vasopeptidase inhibitor, omapatrilat and lisinopril on exercise
tolerance and morbidity in patient with heart failure: IMPRESS
randomized trial. Lancet 2000; 356: 615-620.
48. Rouleau JL,Pfeffer MA, Stewart DJ, et al: Effect of omapatrilat
and lisinopril on renal function in patients with heart failure.
Circulation 2000; 102 (supp II): 533.
49. Coats AJS: Omapatrilat- the story of Overture and Octave.
International J of Cardiol 2002; 86: 1-4.
50. Chen HH, Burnett JC Jr: Natriuretic peptides in heart failure:
Diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. Proc Assoc Am Physicians
1999; 11: 406-416.
51. Colucci WS, Elkayam U, Horton D, et al: Intravenous nesiritide a
natriuretic peptide, in the
52. Treatment decompanseted heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2000;
343:246-53.
53. Mills RM, LeJemtel TH, Horton PD, et al: Sustained
hemodynamic effect of an infusion of nesiritide (human b- type
natriuretic peptide) in heart failure: A randomized, double blind,
placebo controlled clinical trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34: 155-
162.
54. Chen HH, Lainchbury JG, Harty GJ, et al: Maximizing natriuretic
peptide system in experimental heart failure: Subcutaneus brain
natriuretic peptide and acute vasopeptidase inhibition. Circulation
2002; 105: 999-1003.
55. Gullestat L, Aass H, Fjeld JG, et al: Immunomodulating therapy
with intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with chronic heart
failure. Circulation 2001; 103: 220-225.
56. Aukrust P, Froland SS, Liabakk NK, et al: Release of cytokines
soluble cytokine receptors and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
after intravenous immunoglobulin administration in vivo. Blood
1994; 84: 2136-2143.
57. Bozkurt B, Kribbs SB, Clubb FJ Jr, et al: Pathophysiologically
relevant consentration of tumor necrosis factor-α promote
progressive dysfunction and remodeling in rats. Circulation 1998;
97: 1382-1391.
58. Skudicky D, Bergeman A, Sliwa K, et al: Beneficial effect of
pentoxifylline in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy treated
with angiotensin converting enzym inhibitors and carvedilol.
Circulation 2001;103:1083-1088.
Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com