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TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİNDE ENDÜSTRİ İÇİ TİCARETİN YAPISI

Structure Of Intra-Industry Trade In Turkish Economy

Journal Name:

  • Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2008

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The main aim of this study is to analyze the structure of Turkey's foreign trade by using IIT theory which increasing its importance permanently. IIT levels between Turkey and European Union (EU), extra-EU and the World have been calculated by using 3 and 4 digit level of SITC data and GL indices. It can be asserted that Tur¬key's foreign trade structure doesn't show the characters of IIT in the basis of scale economies and specialization as Turkey's IIT is approximately 40% of its total trade. The study demonstrates that comparative advantages are the main determinant of Turkey's foreign trade patterns between 1989 and 2005. Hence, the main result of study is that Turkey and its trading partners are supplementary of each other rather than competitors. In order to become a more global, competitive and stronger market player; Turkey needs to increase its IIT levels. In this way the transfer of new technology and transformation of economic structure will be easy. When scale economies and product differentiation become relatively important, IIT levels will increase. With the additional gains from trade which increased IIT levels offer, Turkey's economic development and international competitive¬ness power will rise.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı gittikçe önemini artıran Endüstri-içi Ticaret Teorisini (EİT) kullanarak Türkiye'nin dış ticaret yapısını kapsamlı bir biçimde analiz etmektir. Türkiye'nin AB, AB-Dışı ve Dünya ülkeleriyle olan EİT seviyeleri, SITC 3 ve 4 basamaklı veriler ve GL endeksleri kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Türkiye'nin toplam ticaretinde ortalama EİT oranı % 40 düzeyinde olduğundan, ölçek ekonomileri ve uzmanlaşma temelinde, EİT ağırlıklı bir ticaret yapısı sergilemediği anlaşılmaktadır. Analiz edilen 1989-2005 dönemindeki dış ticaret gelişmelerinin, karşılaştırmalı üstünlükler temelinde gerçekleştiği sonucuna varılabilir. Böylece, çalışmanın temel sonucu Türkiye'nin ticaret ortaklarıyla rakip olmaktan daha çok tamamlayıcı ekonomi konumunda olduğudur. Türkiye'nin daha global, rekabetçi ve daha güçlü bir piyasa oyuncusu haline gelebilmesi için, EİT oranlarını yükseltmesi gerekmektedir. Böylece yeni teknoloji transferi yapabilmesi ve ekonomik yapının dönüşümü kolaylaşacaktır. Ölçek ekonomileri ve ürün farklılaştırması nispeten önemli hale geldikçe, EİT artacaktır. Artan EİT'in sunduğu ilâve kazanımlarla, zaman içinde Türkiye'nin kalkınma düzeyi ve uluslararası rekabet gücü de yükselecektir.
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