1. Sydney LB, Lori AL. Moving beyond bone density; In bone densitometry for technologists. 2nd Edn. Humana
Press Inc. Totowa, New Jersey 2006; 339-45.
2. Pande I, O’neill TW, Pritchard C, Scott DL, Woolf AD. Bone mineral density, hip axis length and risk of hip
fracture in men: results from the Cornwall hip fracture study. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11: 866-70.
3. Liu JM, Zhao HY, Ning G, Zhao YJ, Zhang LZ, Sun LH et al. Relationship between body composition and
bone mineral density in healthy young and premenopausal chinese women. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 238-42.
4. Gluer CC, Cummings SR, Pressman A, Li J, Gluer K, Faulkner KG et al. Prediction of hip fractures from
pelvic radiographs: the study of osteoporotic fractures. The study of osteoporotic fractures research group. J
Bone Miner Res 1994; 9: 671-7.
5. Alonso CG, Curiel MD, Carranza FH, Cano RP, Perez AD. Femoral bone mineral density, neckshaft angle
and mean femoral neck width as predictors of hip fracture in men and women. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11: 714-
20.
6. Gnudi S, Ripamonti C, Gualtieri G, Malavolta N. Geometry of proximal femur in the prediction of hip
fracture in osteoporotic women. Br J Radiol 1999; 72:729-33.
7. Greendale GA, Young JT, Huang MH, Bucur A, Wang Y, Seeman T (2003). Hip axis length in mid-life
japanese and caucasian U.S. residents: no evidence for an ethnic difference. Osteoporos Int 2003; 14: 320-5.
8. Calis HV, Eryavuz M, Calis M. Comparison of femoral geometry among cases with and without hip
fractures. Yonsei Med J 2004; 45: 901-7.
104
Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research; June 2014: Vol.-3, Issue- 3, P. 100-107
101
www.ijbamr.com P ISSN: 2250-284X , E ISSN : 2250-2858
9. Gregory JS, Testi D, Stewart A, Undrill PE, Reid DM, Aspden RM. A method for assessment of the shape of
the proximal femur and its relationship to osteoporotic hip fracture. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 5-11.
10. Ravn P, Cizza G, Bjarnason NH, Thompson D, Daley M, Wasnich RD et al. Low body mass index is an
important risk factor for low bone mass and increased bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Early
postmenopausal intervention cohort (ERIC) study group. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14: 1622-7.
11. Testi D, Cappello A, Chiari L, Viceconti M,Gnudi S. Comparison of logistic and bayesian classifiers for
evaluating the risk of femoral neck fracture in osteoporotic patients. Med Biol Eng 2001; 39: 633-7.
12. Liu JM, Zhao HY, Ning G, Zhao YJ, Zhang LZ, Sun LH et al. Relationship between body composition and
bone mineral density in healthy young and premenopausal chinese women. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 238-42.
13. Hoaglund FT, Low WD. Anatomy of the femoral neck and head, with comparative data from Caucasian and
Hong Kong Chinese. Clin Orthop 1980; 152: 10-6.
14. Schwartz AV, Kelsey JL, Maggi S, Tuttleman M, Ho SC, Jonsson PV et al. International variation in the
incidence of hip fractures: crossnational project on osteoporosis for the world health organization program for
research on aging. Osteoporos Int 1999; 9: 242-53.
15. Faulkner KG. Letter to the editor: hip axis length and osteoporotic fractures. J Bone Miner Res 1995; 10:
506-8.
16. Karlsson KM, Sernbo I, Obrant KJ, Redlund-Johnell I, Johnell O. Femoral neck geometry and radiographic
signs of osteoporosis as predictors of hip fracture. Bone 1996; 18: 327-30.
17. Pinilla TP, Boardman KC, Bouxsein ML, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Impact direction from a fall influences the
failure load of the proximal femur as much as age-related bone loss. Calcf Tissue Int 1996; 58: 231-5.
18. Irdesel J, Ari I. The proximal femoral morphometry of Turkish women on radiographs. Eur J Anat 2006;
10(1):21-60
19. Sydney LB, Lori AL. Moving beyond bone density; In bone densitometry for technologists. 2nd Edn. Humana
Press Inc. Totowa, New Jersey 2006; 339-45.
20. Pande I, O’neill TW, Pritchard C, Scott DL, Woolf AD. Bone mineral density, hip axis length and risk of hip
fracture in men: results from the Cornwall hip fracture study. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11: 866-70.
21. Liu JM, Zhao HY, Ning G, Zhao YJ, Zhang LZ, Sun LH et al. Relationship between body composition and
bone mineral density in healthy young and premenopausal chinese women. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 238-42.
22. Gluer CC, Cummings SR, Pressman A, Li J, Gluer K, Faulkner KG et al. Prediction of hip fractures from
pelvic radiographs: the study of osteoporotic fractures. The study of osteoporotic fractures research group. J
Bone Miner Res 1994; 9: 671-7.
23. Alonso CG, Curiel MD, Carranza FH, Cano RP, Perez AD. Femoral bone mineral density, neckshaft angle
and mean femoral neck width as predictors of hip fracture in men and women. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11: 714-
20.
24. Gnudi S, Ripamonti C, Gualtieri G, Malavolta N. Geometry of proximal femur in the prediction of hip
fracture in osteoporotic women. Br J Radiol 1999; 72:729-33.
105
Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research; June 2014: Vol.-3, Issue- 3, P. 100-107
102
www.ijbamr.com P ISSN: 2250-284X , E ISSN : 2250-2858
25. Greendale GA, Young JT, Huang MH, Bucur A, Wang Y, Seeman T (2003). Hip axis length in mid-life
japanese and caucasian U.S. residents: no evidence for an ethnic difference. Osteoporos Int 2003; 14: 320-5.
26. Calis HV, Eryavuz M, Calis M. Comparison of femoral geometry among cases with and without hip
fractures. Yonsei Med J 2004; 45: 901-7.
27. Gregory JS, Testi D, Stewart A, Undrill PE, Reid DM, Aspden RM. A method for assessment of the shape of
the proximal femur and its relationship to osteoporotic hip fracture. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 5-11.
28. Ravn P, Cizza G, Bjarnason NH, Thompson D, Daley M, Wasnich RD et al. Low body mass index is an
important risk factor for low bone mass and increased bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Early
postmenopausal intervention cohort (ERIC) study group. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14: 1622-7.
29. Testi D, Cappello A, Chiari L, Viceconti M,Gnudi S. Comparison of logistic and bayesian classifiers for
evaluating the risk of femoral neck fracture in osteoporotic patients. Med Biol Eng 2001; 39: 633-7.
30. Liu JM, Zhao HY, Ning G, Zhao YJ, Zhang LZ, Sun LH et al. Relationship between body composition and
bone mineral density in healthy young and premenopausal chinese women. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15: 238-42.
31. Hoaglund FT, Low WD. Anatomy of the femoral neck and head, with comparative data from Caucasian and
Hong Kong Chinese. Clin Orthop 1980; 152: 10-6.
32. Schwartz AV, Kelsey JL, Maggi S, Tuttleman M, Ho SC, Jonsson PV et al. International variation in the
incidence of hip fractures: crossnational project on osteoporosis for the world health organization program for
research on aging. Osteoporos Int 1999; 9: 242-53.
33. Faulkner KG. Letter to the editor: hip axis length and osteoporotic fractures. J Bone Miner Res 1995; 10:
506-8.
34. Karlsson KM, Sernbo I, Obrant KJ, Redlund-Johnell I, Johnell O. Femoral neck geometry and radiographic
signs of osteoporosis as predictors of hip fracture. Bone 1996; 18: 327-30.
35. Pinilla TP, Boardman KC, Bouxsein ML, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Impact direction from a fall influences the
failure load of the proximal femur as much as age-related bone loss. Calcf Tissue Int 1996; 58: 231-5.
36. Irdesel J, Ari I. The proximal femoral morphometry of Turkish women on radiographs. Eur J Anat 2006;
10(1):21-6.
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