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Soğuk Savaş Dönemi Sonrasında Geçiş Ekonomilerinin İnsani Gelişme Performansı

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PERFORMANCE OF TRANSITION ECONOMIES IN THE POST-COLD WAR PERIOD

Journal Name:

  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2011

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The present study attempts to assess human development performance of the transition economies by dividing the countries into two major categories as Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to identify the necessary means for achieving higher levels of development. For this aim, a comparative descriptive analysis is used. The analysis period covers the last two decades. According to the main finding of the paper, human development performance of the transition economies is not disappointing at the aggregate level. In particular, CEEC performed quite well during the transition period. In comparison with CEEC, Human Development Index values of CIS remained at relatively low levels. However, when the developing countries are concerned, human development performance of CIS is promising in relation to their per capita income levels. The main factors of human development favor women rather than men in transition economies except income. Furthermore, an improvement is observed towards the eradication of human poverty and maintaining of the equal distribution of income in the case of transition economies. This is particularly true for CEEC.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışma yüksek kalkınma düzeyine erişme doğrultusunda gerekli araçların saptanabilmesi amacıyla geçiş ekonomilerini Merkezi ve Doğu Avrupa Ülkeleri (MDAU) ve Bağımız Devletler Topluluğu (BDT) olarak iki ana sınıfa bölerek insani kalkınma performanslarını değerlendirmeye kalkışmaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için karşılaştırmalı tasviri bir analiz kullanılmaktadır. Analiz dönemi son yirmi yılı kapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın temel bulgularına göre, geçiş ekonomilerinin bütüncül düzeydeki insani kalkınma performansı hayal kırıklığı yaratmamaktadır. Özellikle MDAU geçiş döneminde oldukça iyi performans göstermişlerdir. Bu ülkelerle karşılaştırıldığında, BDT'nun insani Kalkınma Endeks değerleri göreli olarak düşük düzeylerde kalmıştır. Bununla birlikte, gelişmekte olan ülkelerle birlikte ele alındığında, BDT'nun insani kalkınma performansı kendi gelir düzeyine göre umut vericidir. Geçiş ekonomilerinde insani kalkınmanın temel etkenleri, gelir dışında, erkekten çok kadını kayırmaktadır. Bundan başka, geçiş ekonomilerinde yoksulluğun ortadan kaldırılması ve gelir dağılımındaki eşitliğin sağlanması doğrultusunda bir ilerleme gözlenmektedir. Bu durum özellikle MDAU için geçerlidir.
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