ASSASSINATION ATTEMPTS TO BRITISH AND GERMAN AMBASSADORS IN TURKEY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Journal Name:
- The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies
Keywords (Original Language):
| Author Name | University of Author | Faculty of Author |
|---|---|---|
Abstract (2. Language):
The main purpose of Turkey after the outbreak of the Second World
War was to keep the country out of the war. While Turkey was going through a
troubled period in the foreign policy, it was also experiencing hardships in the
domestic policy. In the country, the countries particularly Russia, England and
France did not want Turkey to remain out of the war. All the countries were
uneasy while Germany was marching to the Balkans. Ambassadors were
leaving these regions due to the occupation. Istanbul was one of the stations for
the ambassadors who were leaving. Rendell, who was serving as the
ambassador of Sofia, and the members of the embassy also chose Istanbul as a
safe station. When Rendell went to Pera Palas Hotel to stay after having come to
Istanbul, it turned out that he was tried to be assassinated by placing bomb in
his luggage. While Rendell and his family survived from the event without
being wounded, four people died and twenty-one people were wounded. The
second attempt that was intended to disturb the peace in the country was the
assassination attempted against the German ambassador Van Popen in 1942 in
Ankara. While Papen and his wife escaped from the assassination without
injury, the woman, who was walking behind them, and two girls were
wounded due to the effect of the bomb. Assassinator was badly crashed into
pieces as the bomb exploded in his hand. Concerning the event, four people,
among whom were with Russian origin, were caught. While this event was
normalizing Turkish-German relationships, it gradually deteriorated Turkish-
Russia relationships. By personally engaging with the event, Turkish authorities
found out the criminals, who were responsible for the assassination and
punished them. As a consequence of the evaluations carried out, it came out
that the assassination was plotted by the Russian Secret Organization (Gestapa).
The subject, which constitutes of our article, tries to explain the domestic issues
experienced in Turkey during the Second World War in line with the British
Archives, newspapers of the period and through the original sources.
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Abstract (Original Language):
Türkiye’nin II. Dünya Savaşının başlamasından itibaren temel amacı savaş dışı kalmaktı. Türkiye dış siyasette sıkıntılı bir dönem yaşarken iç siyasette de sıkıntılı bir dönemden geçiyordu. Ülkede özellikle Rusya İngiltere ve Fransa gibi devletler Türkiye’nin savaş dışı kalmasını istemiyorlardı. Almanlar Balkanlar’a doğru ilerlerken bütün ülkeler huzursuzdu. İşgalden dolayı elçiler bu bölgeleri terk ediyorlardı. Terk eden elçilerin duraklarından birisi İstanbul’du. Sofya Büyükelçisi olarak görev yapan Rendell ve elçilik üyeleri de güvenli bir durak olarak İstanbul’u seçmişlerdi. Rendell İstanbul’da Pera Palas Oteli’nde kalmaya gittiği sırada kendisine bavul içerisinde bomba konularak suikast girişiminde bulunulmuştu. Olayda Rendell ve ailesi yara almadan kurtulurken 4 kişi ölmüş 21 kişi ise yaralanmıştı. Ülkede huzuru bozmaya yönelik ikinci bir girişim ise Alman Büyükelçi Van Popen’e 1942 yılında Ankara’da düzenlenen suikast girişimiydi. Suikasten Papen ve eşi yara almadan kurtulurken arkalarında yürüyen bir kadın ve iki kız bombanın etkisi ile yaralanmışlardı. Elinde bomba patlayan suikastçi feci şekilde parçalanmıştı. Olayla ilgili olarak ikisi Rus kökenli 4 kişi yakalanmıştı. Bu olay Türk Alman ilişkilerin normale döndürürken Türk-Rus ilişkilerini ise gittikçe kötüleştirmişti. Türk yetkililer bizzat olayın üzerine giderek sorumluları yakalayıp cezalandırmışlardı. Yapılan değerlendirmelerde suikastın bizzat Rusya Gizli Örgütü (Gestapa) tarafından yapılmış olduğuydu. Makalemizi oluşturan konu II.Dünya Savaşı sırasında Türkiye’de yaşanan iç olayları İngiliz Arşivleri, dönemin gazeteleri ve orijinal kaynaklar doğrultusunda açıklamaya çalışmaktır.
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