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BİLGİYİ YÖNETMEK MÜMKÜN MÜ? ELEŞTİREL YÖNETİM ÇALIŞMALARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ

CAN KNOWLEDGE BE MANAGED? CRITICAL MANAGEMENT STUDIES PERSPECTIVE ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The concept of knowledge management is debated from broad perspectives intensively in recent years. These debates have been occurred at the framework of the mainstream management perspectives predominantly. Critical Management Studies (CMS) based on critical theory attack to the mainstream strongly. Some critics include knowledge management. In this study, first, concepts of critical theory, CMS and knowledge management will be examined via literature review. Consequently, our aim is to contribute to the awareness and socially adoption level of CMS which have limited attention in the local literature. Second, knowledge management, its basic concepts and processes are examined through CMS with organization theory perspective. In this way, we think that the question about CMS’ approach to knowledge management will be partly clarified. CMS literature about knowledge management argues that information technologies are used to increase the control on the employee generally. It is accepted that managing knowledge directly is impossible. A positive approach might be developed both for the employee and managers by analyzing each stage of knowledge management process in detail. These regulations which make the employee to share the knowledge willingly are coherent with the thought of CMS, which is different from mainstream Marxism, that the conflict between employee and managers is not urgent. From a broad perspective, it is argued that employee, organizations and whole society will benefit if CMS’s critics to knowledge management are taken into consideration.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Abrahamson, Eric (1996) “Management Fashion”, The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 21, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 254-285. Alavi, Maryam - Dorothy E. Leidner (2001) “Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues”, MIS Quarterly, 25: 1, 107-136. Alvesson, Mats - Stanley A. Deetz (2006) “Critical Theory and Postmodernism Approaches to Organization Studies”, [(Eds.) Clegg, S. R. - C. Hardy - T. B. Lawrence - W. R. Nord, (2006) The Sage Handbook of Organization Studies, Londra: Sage] içinde s. 255–283. ________ - Hugh Willmott (2003) “Chapter 1: Introduction”, [(Ed.) Alvesson, Mats (2003) Studying Management Critically, Londra: Sage] içinde s. 1-21. ________ (2001) “Knowledge Work: Ambiguity, Image and Identity”, Human Relations, 54: 7, 863–886. ________ - Dan Karreman (2001) “Odd Couple: Making Sense of the Curious Concept of Knowledge Management”, Journal of Management Studies, 38: 7, 995-1018. ________ - Hugh Willmott (1996) Making Sense of Management: A Critical Introduction, Londra: Sage. ________ - ________ (1992) Critical Management Studies, Londra: Sage. Argote, Linda (1999) Organizational Learning: Creating, Retaining and Transferring Knowledge, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Blackler, F. (1995) “Knowledge, Knowledge Work and Organizations: An Overview and Interpretation”, Organization Studies, Vol. 16, No. 6, 1021-1046. Burrell, Gibson - Gareth Morgan (1998) Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis, 10. basım, Hants: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Carter, Chris - Harry Scarbrough (2001) “Regimes of Knowledge, Stories of Power: A Treatise on Knowledge Management”, Creativity and Innovation Management, 10: 3, 210–220. Casey, Catherine (2002) Critical Analysis of Organizations: Theory, Practice, Revitalization, Londra: Sage. Castells, Manuel (2005) Birinci Cilt: Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi. Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür, Çev: Ebru Kılıç, İstanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları. Davenport T. H.- Prusak L. (1998) Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA. Fromm, Eric (1955) The Sane Society, Londra: Routledge and Kegan Paul. ________ (1976) To Have or to Be? Londra: Abacus. Fournier, Valerie - Chris Grey (2000) “At the Critical Moment: Conditions and Prospects for Critical Management Studies”, Human Relations, 53: 1, 7-32. Giddens, Anthony (2005) Sosyal Teorinin Temel Problemleri: Sosyal Analizde Eylem, Yapı ve Çelişki, Çev.: Ümit Tatlıcan, Istanbul: Paradigma Yayıncılık. Gramsci, Antonio (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, London: Lawrence and Wishart. Grey, Christopher - Hugh Willmott (2005) Critical Management Studies: A Reader, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Habermas, Jurgen (1987) The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 2: Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist System, London: Heinemann. ________ (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 1: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, London: Heinemann. ________ (1979) Communication and the Evaluation of Society, London: Heinemann. Harvey, David (1997) Postmodernliğin Durumu, Çev.: Sungur Sarvan, İstanbul: Metis Yayınevi. Hislop, Donald (2005) Knowledge Management in Organizations: A Critical Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press. All righs reserved by The JKEM 165 Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi / 2009 Cilt: IV Sayı: II Horkheimer, M. - T. Adorno (1947) The Dialectics of Enlightenment, Londra: Verso (1979) Koç, U. ve E. Erdemir (2005) “Postmodernizm ve Komplekslik: Örgüt Kuramında Güncel Tartışmalar”, 4. Ulusal Bilgi, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 15-16 Eylül 2005, Sakarya Üniversitesi, s. 789-806. Kumar, Krishan (1995) From Post-Industrial to Post-Modern Society: New Theories of the Contemporary World, London: Blackwell. Lyotard, J. F. (1994) The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, Manchester: Manchester University Press. Marcuse, Herbert (1964) One Dimensional-Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society, Boston, MA: Bacon Press. McAdam, Rodney – Sandra McCreedy (2000) “A Critique of Knowledge Management: Using a Social Constructionist Model”, New Technology, Work and Employment, 15: 2, 155-168. McKinlay, Alan (2002) “The Limits of Knowledge Management”, New Technology, Work and Employment, 17: 2, 76-88. Mitev, Nathalie N. (2006) “Postmodernism and Criticality in Information Systems Research”, Social Science Computer Review, 24: 3, 310-325. Mouzelis, N. (1967) Organization and Bureucracy, Chicago: Aldine. Nonaka I. - Takeuchi H. (1995) The Knowledge-Creating Company, Oxford University Press, New York, NY. Nurminen, Markku I. (1997) “Paradigms for Sale: Information Systems in the Process of Radical Change”, Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 9(1), 25-42. Scarbrough, Harry – Jacky Swan (2003) “Discourses of Knowledge Management and Learning Organization: Their Production and Consumption”, [(Eds.) Easterby-Smith, Mark - Marjorie A. Lyles (2003) The Blackwell Handbook of Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management] içinde s. 495-512. ________ - ________ (2001) “Explaining the Diffusion of Knowledge Management and Learning Organization: The Role of Fashion”, British Journal of Management, 12: 1, 3-12. Schultze, Ulrike - Charles Stabell (2004) “Knowing What You Don’t Know? Discourses and Contradictions in Knowledge Management Research”, Journal of Management Studies, 41: 4, 549–573. Senge, Peter (1990) The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, Doubleday/Currency, New York, NY. Stewart, T. A. (1997) Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth Of Organizations, Doubleday: New York, NY, USA Tiwana, Amrit (2003) Bilginin Yönetimi, Çev.: Elif Özsayar , İstanbul: Dışbank Kitapları. Von Krogh, Georg – Kazuo Ichijo – Ikujiro Nonaka (2002) Bilginin Üretimi, Çev. Günhan Günay, İstanbul: Dışbank Kitapları. Willmott, Hugh (2003) “Organization Theory as A Critical Science? Forms of Analysis and ‘New Organizational Forms’”, [(Eds.) Tsoukas, Haridimos - Christian Knudsen (2003) The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory] içinde, s. 88-112. Yıldırım, Engin (2007) “Örgüt Kuramında Yeni Gelişmeler: Postmodern ve Eleştirel Bakış”, [(Eds.) Sargut, A. Selami - Şükrü Özen (2007) Örgüt Kuramları, Ankara: İmge Kitabevi] içinde, s. 379-406. ________ (2002) “‘Cogito Ergo Sum’dan ‘Vivo Ergo Sum’a Örgütsel Analiz”, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2: 2, 155–186. http://scholar.google.com http://portal.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi
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REFERENCES

References: 

Abrahamson, Eric (1996) “Management Fashion”, The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 21, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 254-285.
Alavi, Maryam - Dorothy E. Leidner (2001) “Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues”, MIS Quarterly, 25: 1, 107-136.
Alvesson, Mats - Stanley A. Deetz (2006) “Critical Theory and Postmodernism Approaches to Organization Studies”, [(Eds.) Clegg, S. R. - C. Hardy - T. B. Lawrence - W. R. Nord, (2006) The Sage Handbook of Organization Studies, Londra: Sage] içinde s. 255–283.
________ - Hugh Willmott (2003) “Chapter 1: Introduction”, [(Ed.) Alvesson, Mats (2003) Studying Management Critically, Londra: Sage] içinde s. 1-21.
________ (2001) “Knowledge Work: Ambiguity, Image and Identity”, Human Relations, 54: 7, 863–886.
________ - Dan Karreman (2001) “Odd Couple: Making Sense of the Curious Concept of Knowledge Management”, Journal of Management Studies, 38: 7, 995-1018.
________ - Hugh Willmott (1996) Making Sense of Management: A Critical Introduction, Londra: Sage.
________ - ________ (1992) Critical Management Studies, Londra: Sage.
Argote, Linda (1999) Organizational Learning: Creating, Retaining and Transferring Knowledge, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Blackler, F. (1995) “Knowledge, Knowledge Work and Organizations: An Overview and Interpretation”, Organization Studies, Vol. 16, No. 6, 1021-1046.
Burrell, Gibson - Gareth Morgan (1998) Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis, 10. basım, Hants: Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
Carter, Chris - Harry Scarbrough (2001) “Regimes of Knowledge, Stories of Power: A Treatise on Knowledge Management”, Creativity and Innovation Management, 10: 3, 210–220.
Casey, Catherine (2002) Critical Analysis of Organizations: Theory, Practice, Revitalization, Londra: Sage.
Castells, Manuel (2005) Birinci Cilt: Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi. Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür, Çev: Ebru Kılıç, İstanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Davenport T. H.- Prusak L. (1998) Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
Fromm, Eric (1955) The Sane Society, Londra: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
________ (1976) To Have or to Be? Londra: Abacus.
Fournier, Valerie - Chris Grey (2000) “At the Critical Moment: Conditions and Prospects for Critical Management Studies”, Human Relations, 53: 1, 7-32.
Giddens, Anthony (2005) Sosyal Teorinin Temel Problemleri: Sosyal Analizde Eylem, Yapı ve Çelişki, Çev.: Ümit Tatlıcan, Istanbul: Paradigma Yayıncılık.
Gramsci, Antonio (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, London: Lawrence and Wishart.
Grey, Christopher - Hugh Willmott (2005) Critical Management Studies: A Reader, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Habermas, Jurgen (1987) The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 2: Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist System, London: Heinemann.
________ (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action Volume 1: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, London: Heinemann.
________ (1979) Communication and the Evaluation of Society, London: Heinemann.
Harvey, David (1997) Postmodernliğin Durumu, Çev.: Sungur Sarvan, İstanbul: Metis Yayınevi.
Hislop, Donald (2005) Knowledge Management in Organizations: A Critical Introduction, New York: Oxford University Press.
All righs reserved by The JKEM 165
Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi / 2009 Cilt: IV Sayı: II
Horkheimer, M. - T. Adorno (1947) The Dialectics of Enlightenment, Londra: Verso (1979)
Koç, U. ve E. Erdemir (2005) “Postmodernizm ve Komplekslik: Örgüt Kuramında Güncel Tartışmalar”, 4. Ulusal Bilgi, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, 15-16 Eylül 2005, Sakarya Üniversitesi, s. 789-806.
Kumar, Krishan (1995) From Post-Industrial to Post-Modern Society: New Theories of the Contemporary World, London: Blackwell.
Lyotard, J. F. (1994) The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964) One Dimensional-Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society, Boston, MA: Bacon Press.
McAdam, Rodney – Sandra McCreedy (2000) “A Critique of Knowledge Management: Using a Social Constructionist Model”, New Technology, Work and Employment, 15: 2, 155-168.
McKinlay, Alan (2002) “The Limits of Knowledge Management”, New Technology, Work and Employment, 17: 2, 76-88.
Mitev, Nathalie N. (2006) “Postmodernism and Criticality in Information Systems Research”, Social Science Computer Review, 24: 3, 310-325.
Mouzelis, N. (1967) Organization and Bureucracy, Chicago: Aldine.
Nonaka I. - Takeuchi H. (1995) The Knowledge-Creating Company, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
Nurminen, Markku I. (1997) “Paradigms for Sale: Information Systems in the Process of Radical Change”, Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems, 9(1), 25-42.
Scarbrough, Harry – Jacky Swan (2003) “Discourses of Knowledge Management and Learning Organization: Their Production and Consumption”, [(Eds.) Easterby-Smith, Mark - Marjorie A. Lyles (2003) The Blackwell Handbook of Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management] içinde s. 495-512.
________ - ________ (2001) “Explaining the Diffusion of Knowledge Management and Learning Organization: The Role of Fashion”, British Journal of Management, 12: 1, 3-12.
Schultze, Ulrike - Charles Stabell (2004) “Knowing What You Don’t Know? Discourses and Contradictions in Knowledge Management Research”, Journal of Management Studies, 41: 4, 549–573.
Senge, Peter (1990) The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, Doubleday/Currency, New York, NY.
Stewart, T. A. (1997) Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth Of Organizations, Doubleday: New York, NY, USA
Tiwana, Amrit (2003) Bilginin Yönetimi, Çev.: Elif Özsayar , İstanbul: Dışbank Kitapları.
Von Krogh, Georg – Kazuo Ichijo – Ikujiro Nonaka (2002) Bilginin Üretimi, Çev. Günhan Günay, İstanbul: Dışbank Kitapları.
Willmott, Hugh (2003) “Organization Theory as A Critical Science? Forms of Analysis and ‘New Organizational Forms’”, [(Eds.) Tsoukas, Haridimos - Christian Knudsen (2003) The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory] içinde, s. 88-112.
Yıldırım, Engin (2007) “Örgüt Kuramında Yeni Gelişmeler: Postmodern ve Eleştirel Bakış”, [(Eds.) Sargut, A. Selami - Şükrü Özen (2007) Örgüt Kuramları, Ankara: İmge Kitabevi] içinde, s. 379-406.
________ (2002) “‘Cogito Ergo Sum’dan ‘Vivo Ergo Sum’a Örgütsel Analiz”, Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2: 2, 155–186.
http://scholar.google.com
http://portal.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi

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