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(Seri A) Simyacı 'Kıdemli' olarak Chaucer olduğu bilinen İbn Umayl için bir Bağlam Doğru

Towards a Context for Ibn Umayl, Known to Chaucer as the Alchemist 'Senior' (Series A)

Journal Name:

  • Çankaya University Journal of Arts and Sciences

Publication Year:

  • 2009

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
This article will present what we know of the life and times of an important alchemist, Ibn Umayl. It is entitled 'Towards a Context' because I have not yet consulted a number of his treatises, which are mostly only available as manuscripts. Ibn Umayl's position in alchemy accords with Hermetic doctrines, and may have developed as a traditionalist reaction to developments in alchemy around the time of Jabir ibn Hayyan. The paper offers an overview of the influence Ibn Umayl on western literature, beginning with a quotation from The Canterbury Tales which shows knowledge of Ibn Umayl. The overview then goes on to look at the reception of his works in Arabic-Islamic alchemy. The last part of the paper, which makes use of published research and unpublished manuscripts, puts together what we know of his life, and places his ideas in the context of a school of thought. The writer is inclined to agree with researchers who say that Ibn Umayl was Egyptian, although the evidence is conflicting. Quoting The Pure Pearl and The Silvery Water in particular, the article emphasizes the alchemist's faithfulness to Hermetic doctrines, although in a particular, Islamic, dispensation.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makale, mümkün olduğu kadarıyla, önemli bir simyacı olan İbn-i Ümeyl'in hayatını ve çevresini ele almaktadır. Çoğunlukla el yazması halinde bulunan eserlerin bazısına henüz bakamadığım için, makalemiz 'Towards a Context' olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Büyük ihtimalle, İbn-i Ümeyl'in sımyasal yaklaşımı Hermetik öğretilere uyup, Cabir İbn-i Hayyan'ın zamanında meydana gelen simyadaki değişimlere karşı gelenekçi bir reaksyon olarak tanımlanmalıdır. Başlangıç noktası Chaucer'in The Canterbury Tales'tan alınmış olan ve İbn-i Ümeyl'e göndermede bulunan bir alıntı olan makale, İbn-i Ümeyl'in batı edebiyatı üzerindeki etkisine genel bir bakışı sunmaktadır. Bu genel bakış, onun Arab-İslam simyasındaki yayılımının tarifine geçmektedir. Yayımlanmış eserlerin yanısıra, yayımlanmamış el yazmalarına da dayanan makalenin son bölümü, bildiğimiz kadarıyla simyacımızın hayatını anlatmakta, öğretilerinin belli bir okuldan kaynaklandığını düşündürmektedir. Kanıtların çelişmesine rağmen, makalenin yazarı diğer araştırmacılar gibi İbn-i Ümeyl'in bir Mısırlı olduğu kanaatındadır. Öncelikle Dürre-i nakiyye ile el-Ma ül-varaki'e göndermede bulunan makalenin, İslam çağına uygun şekillendirilmiş olması da, aynı zamanda simyacının Hermetik öğretilere sadakatını vurgulamaktadır.
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REFERENCES

References: 

IBN UMAYL, Ad-Durra an-naqiyya (The Pure Pearl). I am grateful to Prof. Theodor ABT for showing me his and Prof. Wilferd MADELUNG's collation of the mss.
IBN UMAYL, Al-Mabaqil as-sab'a. Ms. Istanbul, Süleymaniye Beşir Ağa 505/12.
IBN UMAYL, Kitab al-Magnisiya. Ms. Istanbul, Süleymaniye Beşir Ağa 505/13.
IBN UMAYL, Al-Qasida an-nuniyya (The Qasida Nuniyya). Ms. Istanbul, Süleymaniye Beşir Ağa 505/14.
IBN UMAYL, Sharh al-Qasida al-mimiyya (Mimiyya Commentary). I am grateful to Prof. Theodor ABT for showing me his and Prof. Wilferd MADELUNG's collation of the mss.
ZOSIMUS OF PANOPOLIS, see below: ZOSIMUS.
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Peter STARR
Printed works:
BURNETT, Charles: 'The Establishment of Medieval Hermeticism,' in LINEHAM and NELSON (eds), The
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and Characters,' Speculum 43 (1968), p. 653-654.
FAZLIOĞLU, İhsan: 'Fazıl Ali Bey'in Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi, vol. 1 (Istanbul, Yapı Kredi, 1999), p. 441-443.
IBN UMAYL: Al-Ma'
al-waraqi wa-l-ard an-najmiyya (The Starry Water). STAPLETON, Harry E., M. Hidayat HUSAIN, and M. Turab 'ALI: Three Arabic Treatises on Alchemy by Muhammad ibn Umail (10th century AD), edition of the texts by M. Turab 'ALI, Excursus on the writings and date of Ibn Umail by H. E. STAPLETON and M. Hidayat HUSAIN, in Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 12.1 (Calcutta, Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1933), p. 1-213. Republished by Fuat SEZGİN et al. (2002).
IBN UMAYL:
Hall
ar-rumuz
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KRAUS, Paul: Jâbir ibn Haiyân, 2 vols (Cairo, IFAO, 1942-3).
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Studien zu Text und Inhalt der Turba Philosophorum (Wiesbaden, Steiner, 1975). ROBINSON, Fred Norris (ed.): The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer (Boston, Houghton Miffin, 1933).
RONCA, Italo: 'Senior de chemica: a reassessment of the medieval Latin translations of Ibn Umayl's Al-ma' al-waraqi wa-'l-ard an-najmiya,' Bulletin de Philosophie Medievale 37 (1995), p. 9-31.
RONCA, Italo: 'Religious Symbolism in Medieval Islamic and Christian Alchemy,' in Antoin FAIVRE and Wouter HANEGRAAFF (eds), Western Esotericism and the Science of Religion (Louvain, Peeters,
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RUSKA, Julius: 'Studien zu Muhammad Ibn Umail al-Tamimi's Kitab al-Ma' al-Waraqi wa'l-Ard an-
Najmiyah,' Isis 68 (1936), p. 310-342. Republished by Fuat SEZGİN et al. (2002). RUSKA, Julius: 'Chaucer und das Buch Senior,' Anglia 61 (1937), p. 136-137. Republished by Fuat SEZGİN
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SEZGİN, Fuat: Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums IV Alchimie-Chemie-Botanik-Agrikultur (Leiden, Brill, 1971).
ULLMANN, Manfred: Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschaften im Islam (Leiden, Brill, 1972). VON FRANZ, Marie-Louise: Book of the Explanation of the Symbols, Kitab Hall ar-rumuz, by Muhammad ibn Umail, Psychological Commentary (Zurich, Living Human Heritage, 2006).
ZOSIMUS: The Book of Pictures, Mushaf as-suwar, by Zosimos of Panopolis, facsimile with an introduction by Theodor ABT, CALA (Living Human Heritage, Zurich, 2007).
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