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DEPO YÖNETİMİNDE SİPARİŞ TOPLAMA SİSTEMLERİ: BİR LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI

ORDER PICKING SYSTEMS IN WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Journal Name:

  • Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2012

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Order picking activities play a critical role in supply chain management in terms of both production systems (supplying components to assembly operations) and distribution operations (meeting customer demands). Trends in customer orders reveal that customer orders are transformed from few-and-large orders to many-and-small ones. On the other hand, lead times of customer orders get consistently shorter. Because of these changes, companies need to adopt an effective and flexible order picking system in order to remain competitive in the market. Order picking, as a labor intensive activity, deeply affects both overall logistic operations and service level provided to customers. Additionally, order picking process constitutes more than half of the total warehousing cost. For these reasons, it is crucial for companies to design and perform an effective order picking process. In recent years, planning the order picking systems that minimize the travel time or the travel distance, considering the specific constraints and parameters, has become the basis for many studies. In this study, critical factors that play role in design and control of order picking process is reviewed comprehensively to aid decision makers in constituting the optimal order picking system in warehouse management. In this context, product flow types in warehouses, classification of order picking systems, storage assignments decisions, routing methods, order batching, and zoning policies are investigated.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Sipariş toplama faaliyetleri, tedarik zinciri yönetiminde, hem üretim sistemleri açısından (montaj istasyonlarına alt parçaların tedarik edilmesi), hem de dağıtım işlemleri açısından (müşteri taleplerinin karşılanması) kritik rol oynamaktadır. Müşteri siparişlerindeki eğilimler, az sayıda ve yüksek miktarlarda siparişlerin çok sayıda ve düşük miktarlarda siparişlere dönüştüğünü göstermektedir. Diğer yandan, talep edilen sipariş teslim süreleri ise her geçen gün kısalmaktadır. Bu değişimler, işletmelerin piyasada rekabet edebilmeleri için etkin ve esnek bir sipariş toplama sistemi benimsemelerini gerektirmektedir. Emek yoğun bir faaliyet olan sipariş toplama, tüm lojistik operasyonlarını ve müşteriye sağlanan hizmet seviyesini büyük ölçüde etkilemektedir. Ayrıca, sipariş toplama süreci toplam depolama maliyetlerinin yarıdan fazlasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle, sipariş toplama faaliyetlerinin en etkin şekilde gerçekleştirilmesi işletmeler için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Belirli kısıtlar ve parametreler göz önünde bulundurularak sipariş toplama süresini veya mesafesini kısaltacak şekilde sipariş toplama sürecinin planlanması son yıllarda birçok çalışmaya temel oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, depo yönetiminde en uygun sipariş toplama sisteminin oluşturulmasında karar vericilere yol göstermek amacıyla, sipariş toplama sürecinin tasarımı ve kontrolünde rol oynayan önemli faktörler ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, depolarda gerçekleşen ürün akış tipleri, sipariş toplama sistemlerinin sınıflandırılması, depolama alanlarına ürün atama kararları, rotalama metotları, sipariş birleştirme ve bölgeleme politikaları ele alınmıştır.
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