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ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE ÇOCUKLUK DÖNEMİ İSTİSMAR YAŞANTILARI VE PSİKOLOJİK İYİ OLMA

CHILDHOOD ABUSE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Tarihsel olarak bakıldığında ruh sağlığı ile ilgili araştırmalarda olumlu psikolojik işlevsellikten ziyade psikolojik bozuklukların ele alındığı ve yapılan ruh sağlığı tanımlarında iyi oluş hali yerine psikopatolojinin yokluğuna vurgu yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bu tür formülasyonlar insan kapasitesinin ve gelişme ihtiyacının yanı sıra iyi oluşla ilişkili koruyucu etmenleri de göz ardı etmektedir (Ryff ve Singer, 1996). Bu noktadan hareketle psikolojik iyi oluş kavramını daha geniş bir kapsamda ele alan bir model geliştiren Ryff (1989b), psikolojinin olumlu işlevselliğine yönelik çalışmaları sentezleyerek psikolojik iyi oluş kavramına ilişkin kuramsal bir çevçeve oluşturmuştur. Bu model, pozitif psikolojik sağlık ölçütlerini temel almakta ve yaşam boyu gelişim teorilerine dayanmaktadır (Ryff, 1989a).
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu araştırmada çocukluk dönemi istismar yaşantıları ile psikolojik iyi olma arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla Dokuz Eylül Üniversite’sinde okuyan 212 lisans öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Çocukluk çağında maruz kalınan istismar yaşantılarını (duygusal istismar ve duygusal ihmal, fiziksel istismar, cinsel istismar) değerlendirmek için “Çocukluk Örselenme Yaşantıları Ölçeği”, psikolojik iyi olma (özerklik, çevresel hakimiyet, bireysel gelişim, diğerleriyle olumlu ilişkiler, yaşam amaçları, öz-kabul) hakkında bilgi toplamak için “Psikolojik İyi Olma Ölçekleri” ve demografik değişkenler için “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada psikolojik iyi olma ve çocukluk dönemi istismar yaşantıları arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.
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