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Orta Asya Kırsal Kesiminden Başka Ülkelere Çalışmaya Giden İşçilerin Gönderdiği Paraların Verimli Alanlara Yönlendirilmesinde Rol Alan Değişkenler

Determinants of Productive Investment through Migrants' Remittances in Rural Central Asia

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Abstract (2. Language): 
This article, which is based on original data and field work, presents a comparative study of the remittance earnings and the developmental impacts on the sending regions of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan in light of rational and social institutionalism. Relatively less productive investments were seen associated with remittances, and there were a large share of consumptive investments out of remittances in both cases. I contend that path dependent social environment plays a greater role in potential migrants’ decision‐making and potential developmental outcomes than dominant theories suggest. Thus, while designing new state institutions reformers should take into consideration stubborn legacy of the Soviet era policies and their shadow in the minds and behaviors of individuals as well as social and political institutions.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Saha araştırmasına dayalı ve orjinal veriler ile desteklenen bu çalışmada işçi havalelerinin Orta Asya ülkelerinin kalkınmasına olan etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Kırgızistan ve Özbekistan’ı karşılaştırmalı olarak inceleyen bu çalışmada, işçi havalelerinin doğrudan verimli yatırımlara değil de tüketimsel yanı ağır basan yatırımlara kanalize edildiği görülmüştür. Bu iktisadi durum, Sovyetler Birliği döneminde izlenen makro politikaların, ve zaman içinde oturmuş sosyal ve siyasi kurumların, mikro bazda pek çok ekonomik tercihleri ve davranışları hala etkiledikleri; kolay kolay ortadan kaybolmadıkları ve kaybolmayacakları görülmektedir. Bunun için, siyasi reformlar hazırlanırken bu durumun gözönünde bulundurulması, dikkatli ve titizlikle formüle edilecek reform tasarılarının büyük bir sabırla takip edilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
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