Buradasınız

Anasayfa » Content

SUTOPU OYUNCULARININ KOL VE BİSİKLET ERGOMETRESİNDEKİ MAKSİ MAL EGZERSİZDE FİZYOLOJİK YANITLARIN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Journal Name:

  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 1993
Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
This study was designed to compare the physiological responses during maximal arm cranking and cycling exercise Arm cranking exercise was perormed at sitting and shoulder level position using no torso restraints to maximize the amount of active skeletal muscle mass. In the study, exercise intensity was started with a load of 75 Watts and increased 50 watts in every 3 minutes (75-125-175-225-275¬325 Watts) in cycling and started with a load of 25 Watts and increased 25 Watts in every 3 minutes (25-50-75 Watts) in arm cranking. In the tests, oxygen consumption, heart rate, tidal volume, respiratory frexuency and pulmonary ventilation were measured using a breathy-by-breath expiratory gas analyser in 13 male water polo players aged 16-22 (18.8±2.0) years. At equal workload (75 Watt) the oxygen consumption, heart rate, tidal volume, respiratory frequency and pulmonary ventilation were statistically higher (p<0.001) during arm cranking than cycling. The maximal workload for arm cranking was % 35 lower than that for cycling (75 vs 267.3 ±34.4 Watt). At the maximum workload heart rate (p<0.01)^ tidal volume lp>0.001) and pulmonary ventilation (p<0.005) were lower during arm cranking than cycling. Oxygen consumption and respiratory frequency were not to be found significantly different. Previous investigators have reported that an individual will achive lower peak oxygen uptake during arm cranking compared with cycling. However, results of this study indicate that aerobic training specific to upper body would increase oxygen consumption in water polo players.
Bookmark/Search this post with
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışma kol ve bisiklet ergometresindeki maksimal egzersizde fizyolojik yanıtların karşılaştırılması amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Kol ergometresi egzersizi krank yüksekliği omuz seviyesinde olacak şekilde oturur pozisyonda, aktif kas gruplarının miktarını artırmak amacıyla gövdeyi sabitleştirmeden uygulanmıştır. Yüklemeye bisiklet ergometresinde 75 Watt'la başlanmış ve her 3 dakikada 50 Watt'lik yük artırılmıştır (75-125-175-225-275-325 Watt) ve kol ergometresinde yüklemeye 25 Watt'la başlanmış ve her 3 dakikada 25 Watt'lik yük artırılmıştır (25-50-75 Watt). Çalışmada 16-22 (18.8 ±2.0) yaşları arasındaki 13 erkek sutopu oyuncusunun oksijen tüketimi, kalp atım hızı, soluk hacmi, solunum frekansı ve pulmoner ventila-syon değerleri ölçülmüştür. Aynı iş yükünde (75 Watt) oksijen tüketimi, kalp atım sayısı, solunum frekansı ve pulmoner ventilasyon değerleri kol ergometresinde bisiklet ergometresine oranla istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Ulaşılan maksimal yük kol ergometeresinde bisiklet ergometresine oranla %35 daha düşük gözlenmiştir. Maksimum egzersizde kalp atım hızı (p<0.01), soluk hacmi (fx0.001) ve pulmoner ventilasyon (p<0.005j değerleri kol ergometresinde bisiklet ergometresine oranla daha düşük bulunmuştur. Oksijen tüketimi ve solunum frekansı değerlerinde her iki ergometrede de anlamlı fark tespit edilememiştir. Bundan önce yapılan araştırmalarda deneklerin kol ergometresinde bisiklet ergometresiyle karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük maksimum oksijen tüketimi değerlerine ulaştıkları bildirilmiştir. Ancak bu çalışmadaki sonuçlar, sutopu oyuncularının üst ekstremite spesifik antrenmanlarının kol ergometresindeki oksijen tüketimini artırabileceğini göstermektedir.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
PDF icon arastrmx_152775_4_pp_3-23.pdf
  • 1
3-23
  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

1. Akgün N:Yüzme Fizyolojisi. Egzersiz Fizyolojisi, Cilt I. 4. Baskı Ankara: Gençlik ve Spor
Genel Müdürlüğü; 1993:145-161.
2. Astrand PO:Work Test with the Bicycle Ergometer. Ergometry. Varberg:Monark; 7-35.
3. Astrand PO,
Rodah
l K:The Muscle and Its Contraction. Textbook of Work Physiology:
Physiological Basis of Exercise. 3th Ed. USA:Mc Graw Hill Company; 1986:12-53.
4.
Astran
d PO, Rodahl K: Evalution of Physical Work Capacity on the Basis of Tests. Textbook
of Work Physiology:Physiological Basis of Exercise.3th Ed.New York:Mc Graw Hill Company;
1986:127-208.
5.
Balady GJ, Schick EC Jr, Weiner DA, Ryan TJ:Comparison Determinants of Myocardial
Oxygen Consumption During Arm and Leg Exercise in Normal Persons. Am J Cardiol. 57:1385¬
7, 1986.
6.
Balad
y GJ, Weiner DA, Rose L, Ryan TJ:Physiologic Responses to Arm Ergometry Exercise
Relative to Age and Gender. J Am Coll Cardiol. 16:130-5, 1990.
7.
Bar-O
r O, Zwiren LD:Maximal Oxygen Consumption Test During Arm Exercise Reliability
and Validity. J Appl Physiol. 38: 424-426, 1975.
8.
Berg
h U, Kanstrup İL, Ekblom B: Maximal Oxygen Uptake During Exercise with Various
Combinations of Arm and Leg Work J Appl Physiol. 41:191-6, 1976.
9.
Bevegar
d S, Freyschuss U, Strandell T:Circulatory Adaptation to Arm and Leg Exercise
in Supine and Sitting Position. J Appl Physiol. 21:37-46,1966.
10.
Bon
d V, Balkissoon B, Caprarola M, Tearney RJ: Aerobic Capacity During Two Arm and
One Leg Ergometric Exercise. Int Rehab Med. 8:79,81,1986.
11.
Bor
g G, Hassmen P, Lagerstrom M: Perceived Exertion Related to Heart Rate and Blood
Lactate During Arm and Leg Exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 56: 679-85,1987.
12. Coplan
NL
, Gleim GW, Scandura M, Nicholas JA: Comparison of Arm and Treadmill
Exercise at 85%Predicted Maximum Heart Rate. Clin Cardiol. 10:655,7, 1987.
13.
Councilma
n JE: Mechanical Principles involved in Swimming. The Science of Swimming.
London :Pelham Books Ltd; 1974:1-18.
14.
Councilma
n JEThe Crawl Stroke. The Science of Swimming. London:Pelham Books
Ltd; 1974:19-66.
15.
Cummin
s TD, Gladden LB : Responses to Submaximal and Maximal Arm Cycling Above,
At and Below
Heart Level. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 15:295-298, 1983.
16.
Egge
r KC, Finch AE Prediction of Maximal Oxygen Intake Using Submaximal Arm Ergometry.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness.28:354-9, 1988. .
17.
Eriksso
n P, Lofstrom L, Ekblom B: Aerobic Power During Maximal Exercise in Untrained
and Welltrained Persons with Quadriplegia and Paraplegia. Scan J Rehabil Med. 20: 141-7,
1988.
18.
esto
n RG, Brodie DA:Responses to Arm and Leg Ergometry. Br J Sport Med. 20:4,6,
1986.
19.
Falke
l JE, Sawka mn, levine L, Pandolf KB: Upper to Lower Body Muscular Strength
and Endurance Ratios for Women and Men. Ergonomics. 28:1661-70, 1985.
21
Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
20. Falkel JE, Sawka MN, Levine L, Pandolf KB: Upper Body Exercise Performance. Comparison
Between Women and Men. Ergonomics. 29:145-154,1986.
21. Flandrois R, grandmontagne M, Gerin H, Mayet MH, Jehl JL, Eyssette M:Aerobic Performance
Capacity in Paraplegic Subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol. 55:604-9,1986.
22. Franklin BA:Exercise Testing, Training and Arm Ergometry. Sports Med. 2:100-9,1985.
23. Gazenko OG, Shumakov VI, Kakurin LI, Katkov VI:Central Circulation and Metabolism
of the Healthy Man During Postural Exposures and Arm Exercise in the Head DownPosition.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 51:113-20,1980.
24. Gergley TJ, McArdle WD, Dejesus P, Toner MM, Jacobowitz S, Spina RJ: Specificity of
Arm Training on Aerobic Power During Swimming and Running. Med Sci Sports Exercise.
16:349-54, 1984.
25. Gutin B, Ang KE, Torrey ^Cardiorespiratory and Subjective Responses to Incremental
and constant Load Ergometry with Arms and Legs. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 69:510-3,1988.
26. Hollmann W, Liesen H, Moder A:Metabolic Capacity. Dirix A, Knuttgen HG, Tittel KThe
Olimpic Book of Sports Medicine. Oxford:lnternational Olimpic Committee; 1988:58-68.
27. Holmer l:Swimming Physiology. Ann Physiol Anthropol. 11:269-76,1992.
28. Keyser RE.Andres FF, Wojta DM, Gullett SLVariations in Cardiovascular Response Accompanying
in Arm Crank Rate. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 69:941-5,1988.
29. Keyser RE, Mor D, Andres FF:Cardiovascular Responses and Anaerobic Threshold for
Bicycle and Arm Ergometer Exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehab. 70: 687-91,1989.
30. Kimura Y, Yeater RA, Martin RB:Simulated Swimming:A Useful Tool for Evaluation the
V02max Swimmers in the Laboratory. Br J Sports Med.24:201-6, 1990.
31. Lawler J, Powers SK, Dodd S:A Time Saving Incremental Cycle Ergometer Protocol to
Determine Peak Oxygen Consumption. Br J Sports Med.21:171-3,1983.
32. Louhevaara V, Sovijarvi A, llmarinen J, Teraslinna P:Differences in Cardiorespiratory
Responses During and After Arm Crank and Cycle Exercise. Acta Physiol Scand. 138:133-43,
1990.
33. Maglischo EW: The Hydrodynamics of Competitive Swimming Strokes. Swimming Faster.
A Comprehensive Guide to the Science of Svimming. California:Mayfield; 1082:11-52.
34. Maglischo EW:Front Crawl Stroke. Swimming Faster. A Comprehensive Guide to the
Science of Swimming. California:Mayfield; 1082:53-99.
35. Marion C, Berg K, Meyer K, Jacques L:Effects of Arm Ergometry Training in an Adolescent
with Myelodysplasia. A Case Report. Phys Ther. 66:59-63,1986.
36. Martin TW, Zeballos RJ, Weisman IM:Gas Exchange During Maximal Upper Extremity
Exercise. Chest. 99:420-5, 1991.
37. Miles DS, Sawka MN, Hanpeter DE, Foster JE, Doerr BM, Frey MAB:Central Hemodynamics
During Progresive Upper and Lower Body Exercise and Recovery. J Appl Physiol.
57:366-70, 1984.
38. Morehouse LE:Ergometry . Laboratory Manual for Physiology of Exercise. Saint Louis:
CV Mosby Company ; 1972:122.
39. Nag PK:Circulo-respiratory Responses to Different Muscular Exercises. Eur J Appl Physiol.
52:393-9, 1984.
40. Obert P, Falgairette G, Bedu M, Coudert J:Bionergetic Characteristics of Swimmers Determined
During an Arm-ergometer Test and During Swimming. Int J Sports Med. 13:298-303,
1992.
41. OToole ML, Hitler DB, Crosby LO, Douglas PS.The Ultraendurance Triathlete.A Physiological
Profile. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 19:45-50,1987.
22
Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
42. Owens GR, Thompson FE, Scuirba FC, Robertson R, Metz KF, Volmer RR:Comparison
of Arm and Leg Ergometry in Patients with Moderate Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Thorax.
43:911-5,1988.
43. Pandolf KB, Billings DS, Drolet LL, Pimental NA, Sawka MN:Differenciated Rating
o
f
Perceived Exertion and Various Physiological Responses During Prolonged Upper and Lower
Body Exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 53: 5-11, 1984.
44. Patton
JF
, Duggan A:Upper and Lower Body Anaerobic Power in Elite Biathletes. Med
Sei Sports Exercise. 17:247,1985.
45. Pendergast
DR
: Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Responses to Upper Body
Exercise. Med Sei Sports Exercise. 21:121 -5,1989.
46.
Pimenta
l NA, Sawka MN, Billings SD, Trad LAPhysiological Responses to prolonged
Upper Body Exercise. Med Sei Sports Exercise. 16:360-5,1984.
47.
Pin
k M, Perry J, Brownw A, Scovazzo ML, Kerrigan J:The Normal Shoulder During Freestyle
Swimming. An Electromyographic and Cinematographic Analysis of Twelve Muscles. Am
J Sports Med. 19:569-76, 1991.
48.
Pivarni
k JM, Grafner TR, Elkins ES:Metabolic, Thermoregulatory and Psychophysiological
Responses During Arm and Leg Exercise. Med Sei Sports Exercise. 20:1-5, 1988.
49.
Reill
y T: Swimming. Reilly T, Secher N, Snell P, Williams C:Physiology of Sports. 1 s t
Ed. London:E &FN SPON; 1990:217-57.
50. Ricci
B:Calculatin
g Oxygen Consumption by the Open-circuit Method. Experiments in
the Physiology of Human Performance. Philadelpialea & Febiger; 1970:149-157.
51.
Sawk
a MN, Foley ME, Pimental NA, Pandolf KB Physiological Factors affecting Upper
Body Aerobic Exercise. Ergonomics. 26:639-46,1983.
52.
Sawk
a MN, Foley ME, Pimental NA, Toner MM, Pandolf KB:Determination of Maximal
Aerobic Power During Upper Body Exercise. J Appl Physiol. 54:113-7,1983.
:• 53.
Sawk
a MN: Physiology of Upper Body Exercise. Exercise Sport Sei Rev. 14:175-211,
1986.
- 54.
Seals DR, Mullin JP:V02max in Variable Type Exercise Among Well Trained Upper Body
Athletes. Res Q Exercise Sport. 53:58-63, 1982.
55. Sedlock
DA
: Postexercise Energy Expenditure Following Upper Body Exercise. Res Q
Exercise Sport. 62:213-6, 1991.
56.
Taguch
i S, Horvath SM:Metabolic Responses to Ligth Arm and Leg Exercise When Sitting.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 56:53-7, 1987.
57.
Tone
r MM, Sawka MN, Levine L, Pandolf KB:Cardiorespiratory Responses to Exercise
Distributed Between the Upper and Lower Body. J Appl Physiol. 54:1403-7,1983.
58. Toussaint HM, Beek
PJ:Biomechanic
s of Competitive Front Crawl Swimming. Sport
Med. 13:8-24,1992.
59.
Va
n Loan MD, McCluerS, Loftin JM, Boileau RA Comparison of Physiological Responses
to Maximal Arm Exercise Among Able-bodied, Paraplegics and Quadriplegics. Paraplegia.
25:397-405,' 1987.
60.
Walke
r R, Powers S, Stuart MK:Peak Oxygen Uptake in Arm Ergometry:Effects of Testing
Protocol. Br J Sports Med. 20:25-6,1986.
61.
Warre
n GL, Cureton KJ, Dengel DR, Graham RE, Ray CA:ls the gender difference in
Peak V02 Greater for Arm Than Leg Exercise? Eur J Appl Physiol. 60:149-54, 1990.
62.
Washbur
n RA, Seal DR:Comparison of Continuous and Discontinuous Protocols for the
Determination of Peak Oxygen Uptake in Arm Cranking. Eur J Appl Physiol. 51:3-6,1983.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com