“DYNAMIC SMILE ANALYSIS: CHANGES WITH AGE IN GUJARATI POPULATION”

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DISCUSSION:
Atrophy of muscles resulted in decreased lip volume,
loss of lip architecture, and lip lengthening. 22 The
decrease in upper lip thickness quantified the empirical
observations of thinning lips by many researchers and
practitioners23. Increase in inter-commissural width
could be due to loss of skin elasticity and volume which
increases the wrinkles at the corners of the lip.
Generally, wrinkles at the corners of the lips at rest
create a situation where it was difficult to identify the
commissures. These results were consistent with the
idea that activity and function of the muscles involved
in smile decrease with age. Loss of skin elasticity and
volume can also contribute to increased wrinkles at the
corners of the lip, making it difficult to identify the
commissures.
Maxillary incisor display was decreasing with age due
to increase in lip length and also somewhat with
attrition of teeth. 24Smile index had increased because
inter-commissural width had increased with age and
interlabial gap had decreased with age. The aging smile
gets wider transversely and narrower vertically. 25With
advancing age, there was a decrease in the muscles
ability to raise the upper lip. Consequently, the
isometric and dynamic strengths declined and the
time to peak tension was significantly prolonged with
increasing age.26-30
In this study, 66% male and 74% female had average
smile height. 22% female showed high smile height
while 12% male showed high smile height. High
smile height was more commonly seen in female.Of
all the different kinds of smile arc, the flat one was
the most common for male (68%) and female (60%).
Though the results in stipulated time gave us a better
insight of age related changes on the perioral tissues,
long term longitudinal study would give more
authentic picture. However; it could also help to rule
out any error if sample size is large.
CONCLUSIONS:
From present study we may conclude that:
Upper lip length at rest increased non
significantly as the person ages, in both males
and females.
The upper lip thickness at rest decreased as the
person ages significantly in both males and
females.
Smile index significantly increased indicating
as the person ages, the smile gets narrower
vertically and wider transversely.
Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research; March 2013: Issue-6, Vol.-2, P. 594-607
606
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