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Intramuscular ketorolac versus diclofenac in acute renal colic: A comparative study of efficacy and safety

Journal Name:

  • Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research

Publication Year:

  • 2013

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Introduction: Acute renal colic is a common presenting clinical problem in the emergency departments. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and opioid analgesics remain the mainstay of treatment for acute renal colic. This study compares ketorolac and diclofenac which are the two most commonly used analgesics for their efficacy to relieve pain of renal colic. Methods: Prospective, randomized, double blind clinical study including seventy patients with renal pain admitted in emergency department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Parameters were observed at baseline and after 15, 30, 60, 180 and 300 minutes of drug treatment. The efficacy of the drug was measured by observing: Pain score, onset & duration of action, rescue drug use, patient’s global impression on efficacy of drugs. Results: The mean pain scores at 15, 30, 60, 180 and 300 minutes were 56.53 ± 15.27, 30.14 ± 8.05, 15.36 ± 6.68, 7.03 ± 6.20, 2.13 ± 1.05 respectively in the ketorolac group, whereas in the diclofenac group the same values were 65.91 ± 16.22, 32.33 ± 7.59, 16.13 ± 7.41, 8.72 ± 6.55 and 2.36 ± 1.97. Both drugs were effective in relieving pain of renal colic and maintaining it over time as well. When decrease in value of pain score was compared between the two groups at various intervals of time, there was statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in pain score only at 15 minutes favouring ketorolac group indicating that it was slightly more effective in early phase compared to diclofenac. In either group there is no statistically significant difference regarding onset of action, duration of action and side effect profile. Conclusions: Both the drugs are equally effective and safe in renal colicky pain with added advantage of ketorolac being more effective in early period.
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