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Mast Hücreleri

Mast Cells

Journal Name:

  • İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2004

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Mast cells are were first described by Paul Ehrlich (1879), as being cells that have prominent cytoplasmic granules stained with basic dyes. Mast cells are found resident in tissues throughout the body, particularly in vicinity of blood vessels and nerves. They are numerous under epithelial surfaces, e.g. in the respiratory and gastrointestinal system, and skin, surfaces in intimate contact with microorganisms and allergens in the environment. Mast cells originate from bone marrow stem cells, and enter to the circulation as progenitor cells and subsequently invade into distinct tissues, where they differentiate into two main subtypes of mature mast cells. Proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survive of mast cells are regulated by tissue-derived local factors including stem cell factor. Mast cells are activated by a variety of physical, biological, and chemical stimuli. After activation, mast cells can secrete mediators that either preformed or newly synthesized. Furthermore, mast cells are important sources of many cytokines which effect inflammation, immunity, and other biological processes. Mast cells have a clear and pivotal role in allergic reactions and parasite infections, but also take part in physiological processes such as innate and acquired immunity, tissue repair, angiogenesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
İlk kez Paul Ehrlich tarafından tanımlanmış olan mast hücreleri, bazik boyalarla boyanan belirgin sitoplazmik granüllere sahiptir. Mast hücreleri vücuttaki dokularda, özellikle kan damarlan ve sinirlere yakın yerleşimli olarak bulunurlar. Çevredeki mikroorganizma ve allerjenlerle yakın temasın olduğu, solunum ve sindirim sistemi ve deri gibi epitelyal yüzeylerin altında çok sayıdadırlar. Mast hücreleri kemik iliğindeki kök hücrelerden köken alır, dolaşıma öncü hücreler olarak girer ve daha sonra farklı dokularda yerleşerek, iki farklı olgun mast hücresi tipine farklılaşırlar. Mast hücrelerinin çoğalması, göç etmesi, farklılaşması ve yaşaması stem cell faktörü de içeren doku kökenli lokal faktörlerle düzenlenmektedir. Mast hücreleri çeşitli fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik uyanlarla aktive olurlar. Bu hücreler aktive olduktan sonra, önceden yapılmış olan veya yeni sentezledikleri mediatörleri salgılarlar. Mast hücreleri; inflamasyon, bağışıkkk ve diğer biyolojik olaylarda etkileri olan pek çok sitokinin önemli bir kaynağıdırlar. Mast hücreleri, allerjik reaksiyonlar ve paraziter enfeksiyonların yanısıra; doğal ve kazanılmış immünite, doku tamiri, anjiogenez, pıhtılaşma ve fibrinoliz gibi fizyolojik olaylarda da rol oynamaktadırlar.
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