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Botulizm

Botulism

Journal Name:

  • İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 1998

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Botulism is a severe neuroparalytic disease produced by botulinum neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum toxins are the most potent poisons for humans. These toxins are haematogenously disseminated to peripheral cholinergic synapses where toxins bind irreversibly to the receptor sites at the neuromuscular junction and other peripheral autonomic synaptic sites, and block acetylcholine release. The characteristic clinical finding of botulism is hypotonia with a descending symmetric flaccid paralysis which begins with bilateral cranial nerve impairment involving muscles of the face, head, and pharynx and then descends symetrically to involve muscles of the thorax and extremities. The clinical diagnosis of food-borne botulism can be confirmed by assaying the toxin in serum, feces, gastric or vomitus contents, and isolation of C. botulinum from the feces of the patient. Recovery depends upon several factors such as the effectiveness of respiratory care, maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and prevention of infection. [Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center 1998;5(1):87-96]
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Botulizm, genellikle Clostridium botulinum tarafından üretilen botulinum nörotoksinlerinin sebep olduğu nöroparalitik bir hastalıktır. Botulinum toksinleri bilinen en kuvvetli biyolojik toksinlerdir. Bu toksinler, hematojen yolla periferik kolinerjik sinapslara ulaşır ve irreversibl olarak nöromusküler kavşak ve diğer periferik otonom sinaptik reseptörlere bağlanarak asetilkolin salınımını bloke ederler. Botulizm'in karakteristik bulgusu, desendan simetrik flaks paralizili hipotonidir. Paraliziler; yüz, baş ve farinks kaslarını etkileyen bilateral kraniyal sinir tutulumuyla başlar ve daha sonra toraks ve ekstremite kaslarına doğru ilerler. Tanı; serumda, dışkıda, mide veya kusmuk kapsamında toksinin gösterilmesi ve dışkıdan C. botulinum 'un izole edilmesi ile yapılır. İyileşme, solunum desteği, sıvı ve elektrolit dengesinin sağlanması ve enfeksiyonların önlenmesi gibi bazı faktörlere bağlıdır. [Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi 1998;5(l):87-96]
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