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Apopitoz

Apoptosis

Journal Name:

  • İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2002

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Apoptosis i s the genetically regulated form of cell death (programmed cell death) that permits the safe disposal of cells when they are damaged or fulfilled their intended biological function. It is a vitally important process during normal development and the adult life of humans and many living organisms. Apoptosis starts with death signals coming from outside or inside of the cell. These signals activate two major apoptotic pathways; extrinsic/cell surface death receptor and the intrinsic/mitochondrial pathways. During apoptosis a group of proteases are activated which cause DNA fragmentation, cytoplasmic shrinkage and, membrane blebbing. Apoptotic cells divide into apoptotic bodies and these apoptotic bodies are then removed from tissue by phagocytes and adjacent cells. In humans, dysregulation of apoptosis can result in malignant, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. The understanding of the mechanisms controlling apoptosis seems important in these diseases and it may shed light for new therapeutic endeavors.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Apopitoz, organizmanın ihtiyaç duymadığı, biyolojik görevini tamamlamış veya hasarlanmış hücrelerin, zararsız bir biçimde ortadan kaldırılmasını sağlayan ve genetik olarak kontrol edilen programlı hücre ölümüdür. İnsanlarda ve pek çok canlıda normal intrauterin gelişme ve erişkin yaşamı için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Apopitoz hücre içinden veya dışından gelen ölüm sinyalleri ile başlar. Bu sinyaller iki ana apopitotik yolu; hücre dışı/ hücre ölüm reseptörü ve hücre içi/mitokondrial yolu harakete geçirirler. Apopitoz sırasında bir grup proteaz harekete geçerek, DNA kırılmasına, hücre büzüşmesine ve hücre yüzeyinde çıkıntılar oluşmasına neden olur. Apopitotik hücreler, apopitotik cisimlere ayrılarak fagositler ve çevre hücreler tarafından dokudan uzaklaştırılırlar. İnsanlarda apopitotik mekanizmanın bozulması kanser, otoimmün ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların gelişmesine neden olabilir. Bu hastalıklarda apopitozu kontrol eden mekanizmaların anlaşılması yeni tedavi çabalarına kapı açabileceği için önemli görünmektedir.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
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  • 2
143-148
  • Turkish

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