[1] A. Hanisom and Hongwei Wu, Biochar as a fuel: 1. Properties and grindability of biochars produced from the pyrolysis of Mallee wood under slow-heating conditions, Energy Fuels, 23 (8), 2009, 4174–4181.J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.
[2] M. Balat , M. Balat, E. Kırtay, H. Balat, Main routes for the thermo-conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals, Part 1: Pyrolysis systems, Energy Conversion and Management, 50(12), 2009, 3147-3157.
[3] J. W. Gaskin, C. Steiner, K. Harris, K. C. Das, B. Bibens. Effect of low-temperature pyrolysis conditions on biochar for agricultural use, Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 51(6), 2008, 2061-2069.
[4] V. Sayakoummane and Ussawaruji, A. Comparison of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Briquette and Wood Charcoal in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 7 (1), 2009, 12-24.
[5] A. Demirba, Biomass resource facilities and biomass conversion processing for fuels and chemicals, Energy Conversion and Management, 42(11), 2001, 1357-1378.
[6] K.O. Davidsson and Petterson, Birch wood particle shrinkage during rapid Pyrolysis, Fuel, 81(3), 2002, 263-270.
[7] B. Pendyal, M. M. Johns, W. E. Marshall, M. Ahmedna and R. M. Rao, The effect of binders and agricultural by-products on physical and chemical properties of granular activated carbons, Bioresource Technology, 68 (3), 1999, 247-254.
[8] S. S. Z. Hindi. Evaluation of Guaiacol and syringol emission upon wood pyrolysis for some fast growing species. WASET-ICEBESE Conf. on Environmental, Biological, and Ecological Sciences, and Engineering. Paris, France, 2011, 24-26.
[9] S. S. Z. Hindi, A. A. Bakhashwain and A. El-Feel, Physico-chemical characterization of some Saudi lignocellulosic natural resources and their suitability for fiber production, JKAU; Met. Env. Arid Land Agric. Sci. 22(1), 2010a, 45-55.
[10] S. S. Z.Hindi, I. H. Ali and S. El-Zemiety, The valorization of pyrolytic products of pruning residues of some woody resources for carbon briquette industry and chemical recovery. Paper presented at the 1st Annual International Conference Environmental Science and Technology (Ibb 2010b), 1-3 August 1-3. Ibb City, Yemen.
[11] ASTM. D 1102-84. 1989. Standard test method for ash in wood. Philadelphia, Pa. U.S.A.
[12] --------------1105-84. 1989. Standard method for preparation of extractive-free wood. Philadelphia, Pa. U.S.A .
[13] --------------1106-84. 1989. Standard test method for acid-insoluble lignin in wood. Philadelphia, Pa. U.S.A.
[14] --------------2015-85.1987. Standard test method for gross calorific value of coal and coke by the adiabatic bomb calorimeter. Philadelphia, Pa. U.S.A.
[15] --------------1762-84. 1989. Standard method for chemical analysis of wood charcoal. Philadelphia ,Pa. U.S.A .
[16] S. S. Z. Hindi. Charcoal properties as affected by raw material and charcoaling parameters. M.Sc. Unpubl. Thesis, Fac. of Agric. Alexandria Univ. 1994.
[17] S. S. Z. Hindi. Pyrolytic products properties as affected by raw material. doctoral diss., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt, 2001.
Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com