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İSVEÇ REFAH DEVLETİNE GİRİŞ

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SWEDISH WELFARE STATE

Journal Name:

  • İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2005

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Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
With one of the most generous welfare states of theworld, Sweden invented the “Middle Way” between socialism and capitalism. Today, Sweden is regardedas the champion of social equality in the world. In this respect, studying the Swedish welfare state or“the Swedish Model” appears to be meaningful in Turkey, too. The first steps toward the construction of the Swedish welfare state were taken in 1890s,but “the Swedish Model” acquired its basic characteristics, which provided Sweden international reputation, after 1960s. In 1990s, the Swedish welfare state was restructured because of the impacts stemming from the economic crisis of the time, economic globalization and the European Union (EU) membership. Researchers generally agree on the fact that 1990s weakened the Swedish welfare state. However, changes that were made in this decade remained limited. Today, Sweden, which left the economic crisis behind, records both economic growth and budget surplus, and the way Sweden uses this budget surplus proves that Sweden did not alienate from the principles of “the Swedish Model”.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Dünyanın en cömert refah devletlerinden birine sahip olan İsveç, sosyalizm ve kapitalizm arasındaki “Orta Yol”u icat eden ülkedir. Bugün İsveç takip ettiği sosyal politikalarla dünyada sosyal eşitliğin şampiyonu olarak anılmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, İsveç refah devletini ya da “İsveç Modeli”ni Türkiye’de de çalışmak anlamlı görünmektedir. İsveç’te refah devletinin kuruluşuna giden yolda ilk adımlar 1890’larda atılmıştır, ancak “İsveç Modeli” kendisine uluslararası ün kazandıran özelliklerini ancak 1960’lardan sonra edinmiştir. İsveç refah devleti, 1990’larda geçirdiği ekonomik kriz, ekonomik globalleşme ve 1995 yılında başlayan Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyeliğinden kaynaklanan etkiler nedeniyle yeniden yapılanmak zorunda kalmıştır. Araştırmacılar genellikle 1990’ların İsveç refah devletini zayıflattığı görüşünde birleşmektedirler. Ancak yapılan değişiklikler kısıtlı kalmıştır. Bugün, ekonomik krizi geride bırakmışolan İsveç, ekonomik büyüme ve bütçe fazlası kaydetmektedir. Sözkonusu bütçe fazlasını kullanım biçimiyle İsveç, “İsveç Modeli”nin ilkelerinden yabancılaşmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.
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  • English

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