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SAĞLIĞIN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ (HEALTH PROMOTION): DÜNYADA VE TÜRKİYE’DE MEVCUT DURUM

HEALTH PROMOTION: CURRENT STATUS IN THE WORLD AND TURKEY

Journal Name:

  • İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2009

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Abstract (2. Language): 
By defining the concept of health promotion under the guidance of the world strategies, determining of the current status in Turkey and to present the suggestions in this field aimed. Health Promotion is defined as the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health. Health education aims to get the health as a social value, to equip the population with the knowledge and skills to be able to solve their health problems and to develop the health related attitude, belief, conception, life style and behavioral changes. Health promotion and health education is the most efficacious and cost effective method which is needed in the new approaches for determining the determinants of health. Within the context of primary health care, health promotion is critical for improving the out comes in the prevention and control of both chronic and communicable diseases, and in meeting the health-related Health for All and Millennium Development Goals, particularly among poor and marginalized groups. Many countries have health promotion and health education policies regarding to their own needs. In Turkey, the regulations of “Health Education of the Community”, published in the Official Newspaper No: 24132 dated 06.08.2000, is still in effect. Besides, the international treaties and policies like the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, European Region Athens Declaration for Healthy Cities, The European Network of Health Promoting Schools Project, European Heart Network and European Heart Health Charter, target to disseminate the health promotion policies globally. Conclusion; The health promotion programs, policies and legislative changes should be updated on scientific basis with the consideration of the dynamic changes.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Sa¤l›¤›n Gelifltirilmesi kavram›n›n tan›mlanmas›, bu alanda dünyadaki stratejilerle birlikte Türkiye’ deki mevcut durumun tespiti ve konuya iliflkin önerilerin sunulmas› amaçlanm›flt›r. Sa¤l›¤›n gelifltirilmesi (Health Promotion); kiflilerin optimal sa¤l›k durumunun sa¤lanmas› yönünde hareket edebilmeleri için, yaflam tarzlar›n› de¤ifltirmelerine yard› m eden bir sanat ve bilim dal›d›r. Sa¤l›k e¤itimi ise, sa¤l›¤› toplumsal bir de¤er haline getirmeyi, halk› sa¤l›k sorunlar› n› çözmek için kullanabilece¤i bilgi ve becerilerle donatmay› ve kiflilerde sa¤l›kla ilgili düflünce, inanç, tutum, davran›fl ve yaflam biçimi de¤iflikli¤i oluflturmay› amaçlar. Sa¤l›¤›n belirleyicilerinin daha genifl anlamda tespiti için ihtiyaç duyulan yeni yaklafl›mlarda en ucuz ve etkili yöntem Sa¤l›k E¤itimi ve Sa¤l›¤›n Gelifltirilmesi’dir. Birinci Basamak Sa¤l›k Hizmetleri çerçevesinde, kronik ve bulafl›c› hastal›klar›n önlenmesi ve kontrolünde, Herkese Sa¤l›k ve Biny›l›n Kalk›nma Hedefleri’nin sa¤l›kla ilgili hedeflerine ulafl›labilmesinde, özellikle yoksul ve marjinal gruplar›n sa¤l›k ihtiyaçlar›n›n karfl›lanmas›nda sa¤l›¤›n gelifltirilmesi prensiplerinin kritik rolü vard›r. Ülkelerin kendi sa¤l›k ihtiyaçlar› na yönelik sa¤l›k e¤itimi ve sa¤l›¤›n gelifltirilmesi politikalar› mevcuttur. Ülkemizde 06. 08. 2000 tarihli ve 24132 Say›l› Resmi Gazetede “Halk›n Sa¤l›k E¤itimi Yönetmeli¤i” yay›nlanm›flt›r ve halen yürürlüktedir. Bunun yan› s›ra, Dünya Sa¤l›k Örgütü Tütün Kontrol Çerçeve Sözleflmesi, Avrupa Bölgesi Atina Sa¤l›kl› fiehirler Deklarasyonu, Avrupa’ da Sa¤l›¤› Gelifltiren Okullar A¤› Projesi, Avrupa Kalp Sa¤l›¤› A¤› ve Avrupa Kalp Sa¤l›¤› Sözleflmesi gibi uluslararas› ölçekteki sözleflmeler ve politikalar, sa¤l›¤›n gelifltirilmesi politikalar›n› küresel ölçekte yayg›nlaflt› rmay› hedefler. Sonuç; Sa¤l›¤›n gelifltirilmesi alan›nda yürütülecek programlar, politikalar ve yasal düzenlemeler, dinamik de¤iflkenlikleri göz önünde bulundurarak, bilimsel olarak güncellenmelidir.
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  • Turkish

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