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Çalışanların Sağlık Davranışları ve Etkileyen Faktörler: Sistematik İnceleme

Worker’s Health Behaviors and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review

Journal Name:

  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2012

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Aim: The aim of this systematic review scrutinize the studies researching the health behaviours such as nutrition, physical activities and smoking and the factors affecting these. Method: The framework of this study is consisted of 2900 articles having been found from the databases of Pubmed and Scirus. The articles found as full text and published in English and Turkish in the last decade (May 1991-May 2010) by searching the key words of “worker”, “health behaviours” and “healthy life-style behaviours” were chosen for the study. 2562 articles from the database of Pubmed and 338 articles in the periodical named BioMed Central of the database Scirus and found in the Digital Archives as web resources were accessed. Total 11 studies of these articles, which scrutinize the health behaviours of the workers and the factors affecting these behaviours and evaluate the relations between health behaviours and working conditions, socio demographical prosperities and individual perceptions were chosen. The sample of the study is comprised of these total 11 articles. Results: It was found out that the rate of the smoking workers is between 27.8% and 47%, 36% -56% of them are overweighed, 42.5% have inadequate physical activities and 35% of them prefer fatty and starchy foods in nutrition. It was determined in the studied scrutinized that the factors such as age, working hours, economic insufficiency, marital status, sense of health and gender could be effective in the health behaviours. Conclusion : Health behaviour levels of the individuals working in the different business lines differ from each other but the factors affecting these health behaviours bear some resemblance. Hence, these factors should be taken into consideration in the planning of the occupational health programs.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Amaç: Bu sistematik inceleme, çalışanların; beslenme, fiziksel aktivite ve sigara kullanma gibi sağlık davranışlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri araştıran çalışmaları sistematik olarak incelemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın evrenini, Scirus, Pubmed ve Digital Archives veri tabanları taranarak ulaşılan 2900 makale oluşturmuştur. İncelemede; “worker”, “health behaviours”, “healthy life-style behaviours” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak son on yılda yayınlanmış (Mayıs 1991- Mayıs 2010), yayın dili Türkçe ya da İngilizce olan ve tam metni bulunan makaleler seçilmiştir. Pubmed veri tabanından 2562, Scirus veri tabanının BioMed Central dergi kaynağında yer alan, web kaynağı olarak Digital Archives’de bulunan 338 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Bu makalelerden, çalışanların sağlık davranışları ile çalışma koşulları, sosyo-demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri değerlendiren 11 çalışma seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemini toplam 11 makale oluşturmuştur. Bulgular: Çalışanların; sigara içme oranın %27,8 - %47, aşırı kilolu olma oranın %36 -%56 arasında olduğu ve %35’nin besin seçiminde yağlı ve karbonhidratlı besinleri ve tercih ettikleri bulunmuştur. Çalışmalarda, çalışanların %42,5’nin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin yetersiz olduğu gösterilmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalarda sağlık davranışları üzerinde; yaşın, çalışma saatlerinin, ekonomik yetersizliklerin, medeni durumun, sağlık algısının ve cinsiyetin etkili olabileceği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Farklı iş kollarında çalışan bireylerin sağlık davranış düzeyleri farklılık göstermekle birlikte, sağlık davranışlarını etkileyen bireysel ve çalışma koşulları ile ilgili faktörler benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu nedenle çalışanın sağlığını geliştirmeye yönelik iş sağlığı programlarının planlanmasında bu faktörler göz önüne alınmalıdır.
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  • 2
166-176
  • Turkish

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