Buradasınız

YAŞ VE CİNSİYETİN OKUL ÖNCESİ ÇOCUKLARIN OLUMLU SOSYAL DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ

ANALYZING EFFECT OF AGE AND SEX DIFFERENCES ON PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2425
Abstract (2. Language): 
In this study, it is aimed to evaluate preschool children’s prosocial behaviors according to teachers’ views. The sample group of this study comprised of 116, 5-6 year old children (girls= 53, boys= 63). Participants were recruited from eight classrooms in six early childhood centers located in the Uşak city center. A Demographic Information Form and Prosocial Behavior Scale-Teacher Form were used to collect the data. The Mann-Whitney U test is used for the statistical analysis. As a result of the study, gender statistically has a significant effect on prosocial behaviors. Also, children’s prosocial behaviors did not differ in significance level in terms of statistics according to age variable.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışmada, öğretmen görüşlerine göre okul öncesi çocukların olumlu sosyal davranışlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Uşak ili merkezinde okul öncesi eğitim almaya devam eden 116 (53 kız, 63 erkek) çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar, Uşak şehir merkezinde yer alan altı okuldaki sekiz sınıftan seçilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve "Olumlu Sosyal Davranış Değerlendirme Ölçeği-Öğretmen Formu" kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler için Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yaş değişkeninin çocukların prososyal davranış puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılığa yol açmadığı, ancak cinsiyet açısından prososyal davranış puanlarında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılığa neden olduğu belirlenmiştir.
261
270

REFERENCES

References: 

ALTAY, F.B., & GÜRE, A. (2012). Okul öncesi kuruma (devlet-özel) devam eden çocukların sosyal yeterlik ve olumlu sosyal davranışları ile annelerinin ebeveynlik stilleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 12(4), 2699-2718.
BARON, R.A., BYRNE, D., & BRANSCOMBE, N.R. (2006). Social psychology (11th ed.). Boston: Allyn Bacon.
BEE, H., & BOYD, D. (2004). The Developing Child. (10th ed.). Boston: Allyn Bacon.
BIERHOFF, H.W. (2002). Prosocial Behaviour. Hove, East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.
BROWNELL, C.A., SVETLOVA, M., & NICHOLS, S. (2009). To share or not to share: When do toddlers respond to another’s needs? Infancy, 14(1), 117-130.
CASSIDY, K.W., WERNER, R.S., ROURKE, M., ZUBERNISH, L.S., & BALARAMAN, G. (2003). The relationship between psychological understanding and positive social behavior. Social development, 12(2), 198- 221.
CARLO, G., & RANDALL, B.A. (2002). The development of a measure of prosocial behaviors for late adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31(1), 31–44.
CHEN, X., LI, D., LI, Z., LI, B., & LIU, M. (2000). Sociable and prosocial dimensions of social competence in Chinese children: Common and unique contributions to social, academic, and psychological adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 36(3), 302-314.
DIENER, M.L., & KIM, D.Y. (2004). Maternal and child predictors of preschool children’s social competence. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 25(1), 3-24.
DODGE, K.A., PETTIT, G.S., & BATES, J.E. (1994). Socialization mediators of the relation between socioeconomic status and child conduct problems. Child Development, 65(2), 649–665.
DUNFIELD, K., KUHLMEIER, V.A., O’CONNELL, L., & KELLEY, E. (2011). Examining the diversity of prosocial behavior: Helping, sharing, and comforting in infancy. Infancy, 16(3): 227–247.
EISENBERG, N., & MUSSEN, P.H. (1989). The roots of prosocial behavior in children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
EISENBERG, N., FABES, R.A., MURPHY, B., MASZK, P., SMITH, M., & KARBON, M. (1995). The role of emotionality and regulation in children’s social functioning: A longitudinal study. Child Development, 66(5), 1360-1384.
EISENBERG, N., FABES, R.A., KARBON, M., MURPHY, B.C., WOSINSKI, M., POLAZZI, L., CARLO, G., & JUHNKE, C. (1996). The relations of children’s dispositional prosocial behavior to emotionality, regulation and social functioning. Child Development, 67(3), 974-992.
EISENBERG, N., FABES, R.A. (1998). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg & W. Damon (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 701-778). New York: Wiley.
268
Sibel YOLERİ & Serdal SEVEN
EISENBERG, N., GUTHRIE, I.K., CUMBERLAND, A., MURPHY, B.C., SHEPARD, S.A., ZHOU, Q., & CARLO, G. (2002). Prosocial development in early adulthood: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6), 993-1006.
EISENBERG, N., FABES, R.A., & SPINRAD, T.L. (2006). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), W. Damon and R.M. Lerner (Ed.-in Chief.). Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (Vol. 3, 6th ed., pp. 646–718). New York: Wiley.
FABES, R.A., MARTIN, C.L., & HANISH, L.D. (2003). Young children's play qualities in same-, other-, and mixed-sex peer groups. Child Development, 74(3), 921-932
FELDMAN, R.S. (2005). Development across the life span. (3rd. edition). USA: Pearson Education Ltd. Prentice Hall.
GARNER, P.W., & WAAJID, B. (2012). Emotion knowledge and self-regulation as predictors of preschoolers’ cognitive ability, classroom behavior, and social competence. Journal of Psycheducational Assessment, 30(4), 330-343.
HASTINGS, P.D., UTENDALE, W.T., & SULLIVAN, C. (2006). The Socialization of Prosocial Development. (J.E. Grusec and P.D. Hastings (Ed.), Handbook of Socialization: Theory and Research. New York: The Guilford Pres.
IANNOTTI, R.J. (1985). Naturalistic and structured assessments of prosocial behavior in preschool children: The influence of empathy and perspective taking. Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 46–55.
KIM, Y.O., & STEVENS, J.H. (1987). The socialization of prosocial behavior in children. Childhood Education, 63(3), 200-206.
KING, L.M., & BARNETT, M.A. (1980). The effects of age and sex on preschoolers’ helpfulness. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED 188779)
LADD, G.W., & PROFILET, S.M. (1996). The Child Behavior Scale: A teacher-report measure of young children’s aggressive, withdrawn, and prosocial behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32(6), 1008-1024.
MCGINLEY, M., & CARLO, G. (2007). Two sides of the same coin? The relations between prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(3), 337-349.
MILLER, P.A., BERNZWEIG, J., EISENBERG, N., & FABES, R.A. (1991). The development and socialization of prosocial behavior. In R. A. Hinde, ve J. Groebel (Eds.), Cooperation and prosocial behavior (pp. 54-77). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
MILLER, P.A., EISENBERG, N., FABES, R.A., & SHELL, R. (1996). Relations of moral reasoning and vicarious emotion to young children’s prosocial behavior toward peers and adults. Developmental Psychology, 32(2), 210-219.
MONKS, C., RUIZ, R.O., & VAL, E.T. (2002). Unjustified aggression in preschool. Aggressive Behavior, 28(6), 458-476.
Analyzing Effect Of Age And Sex Differences On Prosocial Behavıor Of Preschool Children 269
PEREN, S., STADELMANN, S., WYL, A.V. & KLITZING, K.V. (2007). Pathways of Behavioral and Emotional Symptoms in Kindergarten Children: What is the Role of Prosocial Behavior? European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 16(4), 209-214.
PERSSON, G.E.B. (2005). Developmental perspectives on prosocial and aggressive motives in preschoolers’ peer interactions. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29(1), 80-91.
PRATT, M.W., SKOE, E.E., & ARNOLD, M.L. (2004). Care reasoning development and family socialization patterns in later adolescence: A longitudinal analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28(2), 139-147.
SAN BAYHAN, P., & ARTAN, İ. (2007). Çocuk Gelişimi ve Eğitimi. İstanbul: MORPA Kültür Yayınları.
SEVEN, S. (2010). Attachment and social behaviors in the period of transition from preschool to first grade. Social Behavior and Personality, 38(3), 347- 356.
STAUB, E. (1971). The use of role playing and induction in children’s learning of helping and sharing behavior. Child Development, 42(3), 805-816.
SVETLOVA, M., NICHOLS, S.R., & BROWNELL, C.A. (2010). Toddlers’ prosocial behavior: From instrumental to empathic to altruistic helping. Child Development, 81(6), 1814–1827.
SWİT, C. & MCMAUGH, A. (2012). Relational aggression and prosocial behaviours in Australian preschool children. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 37(3), 30-34.
TROMMSDORFF, G., FRİEDLMEİER, W., & MAYER, B. (2007). Sympathy, distress, and prosocial behavior of preschool children in four cultures. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31(3), 284-293
UZMEN, S. (2002). Okulöncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden altı yaş çocuklarının prososyal davranışlarının resimli çocuk kitapları ile desteklenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 15, 193-212 (Turkish).
VAISH, A., CARPENTER, M., & TOMASELLO, M. (2009). Sympathy through affective perspective taking and its relation to prosocial behavior in toddlers. Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 534-543.
VAN DER MARK, I.L., VAN IJZENDOORN, M.H., & BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG, M.J. (2002). Development of empathy in girls during the second year of life: Associations with parenting, attachment, and temperament. Social Development, 11(4), 451-468.
WALKER, S. (2004). Teacher reports of social behavior and peer acceptance in early childhood: sex and social status differences. Child Study Journal, 34(1), 13-28.
WILBY, J.K. (2003). The role of parenting and child temperament in the development of prosocial and empathic behavior in preschool children: A follow-up study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
270
Sibel YOLERİ & Serdal SEVEN
WORDEN, L.J. (2002). Social interactions and perceptions of social skills of children in inclusive preschools. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. University of Delaware, USA.
YAĞMURLU, B., SANSON, A., & KÖYMEN, S.B. (2005). Ebeveynlerin ve çocuk mizacının olumlu sosyal davranış gelişimine etkileri: Zihin kuramının belirleyici rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 20, 1-20 (Turkish).
YOLERİ, S. & SEVİNÇ, M. (2014). Does child’s temperament determine the social skills of boys and girls? International Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 4(2), 516-523.
ZAHN-WAXLER, C., RADKE-YARROW, M., WAGNER, E., & CHAPMAN, M. (1992). Development of concern for others. Developmental Psychology, 28(1), 126-136.
ZAHN-WAXLER, C., COLE, P.M., WELSH, J.D., & FOX, N.A. (1995). Psychophysiological correlates of empathy and prosocial behaviors in preschool children with behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 7(1), 27-48.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com