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REFORM SÜRECİNDEKİ AVRUPA’DA TİCARET YASAĞINDAN KURTULUŞ

ESCAPE FROM THE COMMERCE PROHIBITION IN THE REFORMATION PROCESS OF EUROPE

Journal Name:

  • Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2013

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The church fathers and the scholastic doctors of the Middle Ages looked with favour upon husbandry and workmanship but regarded trade with distrust because it was an occupation with money which, although not wicked in itself, nevertheless endangered the salvation of the soul. According to the canon law practicers, to take usury that means pay surplus in borrowing or buying is always forbidden to everybody, but to trade is sometimes allowed and sometimes prohibited. The profits come from trade which all of them illgotten so the canon laws warns that every purity man must be avoid the occasion of sin in the process of buying and selling. The Holy Bible to curse the usurer who nearly all of them merchants, they are all damnable because buy sin but sell time which belong to God. According to church, the works of God are all good, but merchants who pursuit gain are worship to Mammon who is deity of money, and in reality money is an image of Satan (Ba’al) that he is a wicked spirit.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Orta Çağ kilise babalarının ve skolastik doktorların, çiftçiliği ve zanaatkarlığı himaye etmelerine, parayla yapılan her uğraşıyı da günahkarlık olarak görmemelerine rağmen; parayla ilgilenmenin ruhun kurtuluşunu tehlikeye atması nedeniyle, üretilen ürünlerin alınıp satılmasını şüpheyle karşılamışlardır. Kilise kanununu uygulayanlar, borçlanmalarda ve satın alışlarda fazla ödemeyi ifade eden tefeciliği herkese yasaklamalarına rağmen, ticarete bazen izin vermiş bazen de yasak getirmişlerdir. Ticaretten sağlanılan kârların tamamının haram olması nedeniyle, kilise kanunları, alış ile satış işlemi esnasında günaha girmekten sakınmaları gerektiği konusunda her dindarı uyarmıştır. Kutsal Kitap, günahı satın alıp karşılığında da tanrıya ait olan zamanı vermeleri nedeniyle, neredeyse tamamı tüccar olan tefecileri lanetlemiştir. Kiliseye göre, Tanrının işlerinin her yönüyle iyi olmasına rağmen, kazanç peşinde koşan tüccarlar paranın tanrısı Mammon’a tapmaktadır; gerçekte para, kötü ruh olan şeytanın (Baal’in) putudur.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
PDF icon arastrmx_25823_4_pp_149-168.pdf
  • 5
149-168
  • Turkish

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