Buradasınız

KAĞITLARIN DOĞAL YAŞLANMASINA BAĞLI ÖNEMLİ DEGRADASYON REAKSİYONLARI

ESSENTIAL DEGRADATION REACTIONS DEPENDING ON THE NATURAL AGING OF PAPER

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Abstract (2. Language): 
One of the most important problem of many libraries and archives in the world is the fact that extremely high volume of valuable national collections and important documents and artifacts are suffering from aging. The life span of such materials directly depends on the extent to which the paper as carrier medium resists to ageing. Thus, it is vital to understand the mechanisms taking place during aging and the factors affecting them in order to protect such objects in libraries and archives. Therefore, in this study, chemical mechanisms of aging were reviewed.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Dünyadaki birçok kütüphane ve arşivin en temel problemi ellerinde tuttukları son derece değerli ve çok miktardaki kitap, tarihi döküman ve sanat eserlerinin eskimesi ve yok olmayla karşı karşıya kalmalarıdır. Kağıt üzerine işlenmiş olan bu değerli kültür varlıklarının kullanım süreleri, üzerinde bulundukları kağıdın zamana karşı göstereceği savaşla direk olarak bağlantılıdır. O nedenle kağıtın eskimesi sırasında meydana gelen mekanizmaları sebepleri ile birlikte tam olarak öğrenmek bu değerli ürünlerin daha uzun süre korunabilmeleri açısından hayati önem taşır. Bunun için bu çalışmada kağıt degradasyonu, sebepleri ve önemli degradasyon mekanizmaları genel olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
98
108

REFERENCES

References: 

1.DAVID, D. R. 1976. The Evaluation of paper permanence and durability, Tappi J,
77(12):63.
2.GRANT, J. 1937. Books and Documents: Dating, Permanence and Preservation,
Grafton, London.
3.ANONİM. 1988. The Case of Vanishing Books, Paper, 210(14):26.
4.ROBERTS, M. T., ETHERINGTON, D. 1982. Bookbinding and the Conservation of
Books: A Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, Library of Congress,
Washington.
5.HALL, G. 1926. Permanence of Paper, Tech. Assoc. Papers, vol. 9 no. 92.
6.POOLE, F. 1972. Some Thoughts on Conservation of Library Materials, in Cunha, G.
M. (ed.) Proceedings of the 1971 Seminar on the Application of Chemical and
Physical Methods to the Conservation of Library and Archival Materials, Library
of Boston Athenaeum, Boston, p.13.
7.PELL, C. 1988. Senate Resolution 394 in Luner, P. (ed.) Paper Preservation part I:
Congressional voices, Syracuse, New York, p.10.
8.KARADEMİR, A. 1996. The Analysis of Paper in Aged Paperback Books, MSc
Thesis, Department of Paper Science, University of Manchester Institute of
Science and Technology (UMIST), Manchester, UK.
9.TIMELL, T. E. 1964. Wood Hemicelluloses, Part I Advances in Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biochemistry, no:19, p.247.
10.TIMELL, T. E. 1965. Wood Hemicelluloses, Part II, Advances in Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Biochemistry, no:20, p.409.
11.YOUNG, R. A., ROWELL, R. M. 1986. (ad.) Cellulose; Structure, Modification and
Hydrolysis, New York, Wiley.
12.BREDENGERG, J. B., MASUKA, C. P., VOURI, A. 1989. Thermal Reactions of the
Bonds in Lignin Part II, Holzforschung, no:43, p.115.
13.WONG, P. T. T., HEREMANS, K. 1988. Pressure Effects on Protein Secondary
Structure and Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange in Chymotrypsinogen, Biochimica
et Miophysica Acta, no:1, p.956.
14.ZOU, H., GURNAGUL, N., UESAKA, T. 1993. The Role of Lignin in Mechanical
Permanence of Paper, Part I: Effect of Lignin Content, J. Pulp and Paper Sci.
19(6):235.
15.CARELTON, A. M. 1970. Ageing of Paper in Britt, K. W. (ed.) Handbook of Pulp
and Paper Technology, 2nd. Ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
16.HUDSON, F. L., MILLER, W. D. 1962. Atmospheric Sulphur and the Durability of
Paper, Journal of Archivists, no.2, p.166.
17.RODENBURG, L. J. M. 1988. ACBAM Phase 4: Measurements of the Depositionrates
of Some Cellulose Containing Materials, R 88/179A, TNO, Delft, The
Netherlands.
18.DANIEL, F., FLIEDER, F., LECLERC, F. 1990. The Effects of Pollution on
Deacidified Paper, Restaurer, no:11, p.179.
19.WILLIAMS II, E. L., GROSJEAN, D. 1990. Exposure of Deacidified Paper to
Ambient Levels of SO2 and NO2, Getty Conservation Institute, California.
20.WILSON, W. G., PARKS, E. J. 1979. An Analysis of the Ageing of the Paper:
Possible Reactions and Their Effects on Measurable Properties, Restaurer, no.2,
p.37.
21.DANEAULT, C., ROBERTS, S., LEVESQUE, M. 1991. The Prevention of Lightinduced
Yellowing of Paper: The Inhibition of Reversion by Merchants of TMP
and CTMP from Balsam Fir (Abies balsamae) and Black Spruce (Picea mariana),
J. Pulp and Paper Sci., 17(6):187.
22.LEBO, S. E., LONSKY, W. F. W., McDONOUGH, T. J., MEDVECZ, P. J., 1988.
International Pulp Bleaching Conference, p.247.
23.FENGEL, D., WEGENER, G. 1984. Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure and Reactions,
Walter De Gruyter, Berlin.
24.CHIPLEY, J.N. 1980. The Effects of Microwave Irradiation on Microorganisms,
Advances in Microbiology, 26:129.
25.FLYNN, J. G., WILSON, W. K. 1958. Degradation of Cellulose in a Vacuum with
Ultraviolet Light, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standard, vol:60,
p.229.
26.FENGEL, D., WEGENER, G. 1989. Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure and Reactions,
Walter De Gruyter, Berlin.
27.BROWNING, B. L. 1970. The Nature of Paper, The Library Quarterly, 40(1):18.
28.IVANOV, V. I., Chetverikov, N. M. and Ivanova, L. D. 1968. Khim. Fiz. Khim
Uglevodow, p.65.
29.LIANG-CHENG, W. 1991. Investigation Into the Effects of Acrylic Adhesives on
Tissue Lamination, M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Paper Science, University of
Manchester Inst. of Sci. and Tech. (UMIST), Manchester, UK.
30.SAUTHGATE, M. C. 1993. Conservation of Ancient Printed Paper: The Effect of
Sodium Nitrate on Cotton Based Paper, M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Paper
Science, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST),
Manchester, UK.
31.HIGGINS, H. G., GOLDSMITH, V., McKENZIE, A. W. 1958. Journal of Polymer
Science, 32(124):248.
32.DARUWALLA, R. H., SHET, R. T. 1962. Textile Research Journal, 32(11):942.
33.GURNAGUL, N., HOWARD, R.C., ZOU, X., UESAKA, T., PAGE, D. H. 1993.
The Mechanical Permanence of Paper: A Literature Review, J. Pulp and Paper
Sci., 19(4):160.
34.HOFFMAN, W. F. 1929. Deterioration of Paper by Excessive acidity, Paper Trade
Journal, 88(12):59.
35.PRIEST, D. J., FARRAW, M. 1988. The Effects of Aluminium Salts on the
Degradation of Paper, Conference Proceedings on Conservation of Historic and
Artistic Works on Paper.
36.RICHTER, G. A. 1931. Durability of Purified Wood Fibres: Accelerated Ageing
Tests of Various Types of Paper-Making Fibres, Ind. Eng. Chem., 23(4):371.
37.JARREL, T. D., HANKINS, J. M., VEITCH, F. P. 1938. Deterioration of Paper as
Indicated by Gas Chamber Tests, U.S. Dept. Agri. Tech. Bull., no: 605.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com