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1990 SONRASI RUS DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA BATI KARŞISINDA KİMLİK ve STATÜ ARAYIŞLARI

THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY & STATUS AGAINST THE WEST IN THE THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY & STATUS AGAINST THE WEST IN THE RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY AFTER 1990s

Journal Name:

  • Kara Harp Okulu Bilim Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2013

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
This study aims to clarify the Russian Federation’s search for identity and status against the West with a constructivist approach. The collapse of the USSR in 1991 flamed the discussions upon the Russian identity and then the Russian foreign and security policy started to research an identity and status for a long term. This identity search (crisis) effected country’s foreign policy and RF owned Russian identity on the heritage of USSR. This subject created a problem on the geographic and psychologic heritage of an empire. Though RF was in a close co-operation with the West due to its weakness during 90’s, it began to use European countries’ energy dependency on RF against Europe and its nuclear power and permaent membership of UNSC against US during the Putin and Medvedev terms. Russia remains a regional power that act likes a global great power as a resultant of being next to the Eastern Europe, the Middle East, the Central Asia and the Far East. Though seeing itself as culturally European, RF implements its world politics more as Eurasian and in accordance with the “great power status”.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makale, Rusya Federasyonu (RF)’nun Batı’ya yönelik dış politikasının oluşumundaki “kimlik ve büyük güç statüsü arayışını” konstrüktivist (inşacı) bir yaklaşımla ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Sovyetler Birliği’nin 1991’de dağılması, Rus kimliğine ilişkin tartışmaları alevlendirmiş ve Rus dış politikası uzun süreli bir “kimlik ve statü arayışı” içine girmiştir. Bir yerde krize dönüşen bu kimlik arayışı ülkenin dış politikasını etkilemiştir. 1990’larda bu konu, dağılan bir imparatorluğun coğrafi ve psikolojik mirası üzerine sorun çıkarmıştır. RF 90’lı yıllarda genelde kendi zayıflığından kaynaklanan nedenlerle Batı ile yakın ilişki içinde olsa da, Putin ve Medvedev dönemlerinde Avrupa’ya karşı politikalarında Avrupa ülkelerinin kendisine olan enerji bağımlılığını, ABD’ye karşı politikalarında ise büyük bir nükleer güç ve BMGK daimi üyesi olmanın avantajlarını sonuna kadar kullanan RF, Doğu Avrupa, Orta Doğu, Orta Asya ve Uzak Doğu gibi birçok bölgede etkin ‘bölgesel güç’ olmanın bileşkesi olarak kendisini ‘büyük güç’ olarak görmekte ve buna göre küresel ölçekte davranış ve hamlelerde bulunmaktadır. Kendisini kültürel olarak Avrupalı gören RF, dünya politikalarında ise daha çok Avrasya’lı ve “büyük güç statüsünde bir devlet” gibi hareket etmektedir.
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