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Geleneksel Epistemolojiye Yönelik Bazı Çağdaş Alternatiflerin Analizi

An Analysis of Some Contemporary Alternativies to Traditional Epistemology

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Abstract (2. Language): 
In this essay, attempt is made to show that the pre-occupation within traditional epistemology with the search for the necessary and sufficient conditions for knowledge is inadequate. The assumption here is that traditional epistemologists conceive knowledge as justified true belief (J.T.B). In other words, once these conditions or criteria (i.e truth, belief and justification conditions) are satisfied, then knowledge is obtained or attained. But each of these conditions is fraught with serious problems as pointed out by Edmund Gettier whose three-page article published in 1963 served as a trenchant critique of the traditional (internalist) analysis of knowledge. It is our contention that these initial difficulties and despair with this view prompted some epistemologists to search for an alternative conception which would overcome or ameliorate these problems. These suggested alternatives further reinforce the argument or imperative for intercultural philosophy and/or social epistemology which attempts to integrate philosophical and epistemological traditions into a polylog between various philosophical, epistemological, and cultural systems? such as African epistemology, Japanese logic, Indian thought, and so on. This view is appealing because it is based on the belief that the interdependence of our world? presupposes an adoption of the principle of charity, respect and tolerance for other cultural and conceptual schemes. In other words, no such tradition should claim any privileged or absolute or overarching position over others since they are on a par.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makalede, geleneksel epistemolojide bilgiye ilişkin zorunlu ve yeterli koşulların araştırılmasıyla gerçekleştirilen önceki uğraşların yetersiz olduğu gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Buradaki varsayım, geleneksel bilgi felsefecilerinin bilgiyi, haklılandırılmış doğru inanç (H.D.İ) şeklinde tasarladıklarıdır. Başka bir deyişle, bu ölçüt ya da koşullar (doğruluk, inanç ve haklılandırma koşulları) bir kez gerçekleştirildiğinde bilgi sağlanmış veya elde edilmiş olur. Ancak bu koşulların her biri, 1963 yılında yayımlanan üç sayfalık makalesi ile geleneksel (içselci) bilgi analizinin keskin bir eleştirisini ortaya koyan Edmund Gettier tarafından işaret edildiği gibi ciddi problemlerle doludur. Bizim savımız başta yer alan bu zorlukların ve bu görüşe ilişkin umutsuzluğun, bazı bilgi felsefecilerini bu zorlukların üstesinden gelecek ya da onları iyileştirecek alternatif bir görüş araştırmaya teşvik etmiş olmasıdır. Öne sürülen bu alternatifler, ayrıca kültürler arası felsefeye ve/ veya felsefi ve epistemolojik gelenekleri Afrika epistemolojisi, Japon mantığı, Hint düşüncesi v.b. gibi çeşitli felsefi, epistemolojik ve kültürel sistemler arasındaki bir işlev ile birleştirmeye çalışan sosyal epistemolojiye yönelik argümanı ya da buyruğu desteklemektedir. Bu görüş, dünyalarımızın? birbirlerine bağlı oluşunun hayırseverlik, saygı ve diğer kültürel ve kavramsal düzenlere karşı hoşgörü ilkelerini benimsemeyi önceden varsaymasından dolayı çekicidir. Başka bir deyişle, böylesi hiçbir gelenek hepsi eşit düzeyde olduğu için, diğerleri üzerinde mutlak ya da üstün bir konum iddia edemez.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
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