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Fenomenolojik Apaçıklıkçılık

Phenomenological Evidentialism

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Abstract (2. Language): 
In this article I argue for a position I call evidentialism, which is mainly Husserlian. Evidentialism should be stationed in a middle road between foundationalism and coherentism. It differs from foundationalism in that it does not take evidences to be “infallible premises”; evidences are insights that might turn out to be wrong in the course of experience. But evidentialism cannot be a version of coherentism either. For the mere coherence among beliefs, rather than justifying them perfectly, needs to be constrained by experience. In first section my concern is with what we are to understand from “conceptuality”; there I try to situate evidentialism in terms of a moderate conceptualism. Yet the conceptuality I argue for is minimal, that is, taken in a narrower sense. It is not something we construct, but something we immediately see. Seeing what is meaningful reveals the constitutive conceptuality of our experience. The rest of the paper deals with Husserl and envisage him as a genuine evidentialist.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makalede kaynağını Husserl'in düşüncesinde bulan ve "apaçıklıkçılık" adını verdiğim bir konumu savunuyorum. Apaçıklıkçılık ne “temelci” ne de “bağdaşımcı” bir yaklaşımdır; apaçık olanı “yanlışlanamaz bir öncül” biçiminde ele almamasından ötürü temelcilikten ayrılır. Çünkü apaçık olan, deneyimin seyri içinde pekâlâ yanlışlanabilir. Ama apaçıklıkçılık bir çeşit bağdaşımcılık da olamaz. Çünkü inançlarımızın birbirleriyle bağdaşması onları tam anlamıyla gerekçelendirmeye yetmez. Meşru bir gerekçelendirme için birbiriyle bağdaşan inançların deneyim tarafından sınırlandırılması gerekir. Yazının ilk kesiminde “kavramsallık” denince bundan ne anlamamız gerektiği üstünde duruyorum ve apaçıklıkçılığın ılımlı bir kavramsalcılık olduğunu ileri sürüyorum. Fakat burada savunduğum, asgari, yani sözcüğün dar anlamında bir kavramsallık. Asgari kavramlarımızı bizim kurgulamadığımızı, bundan ziyade onları dolaysızca gördüğümüzü ileri sürüyorum. Anlamlı olanın görülmesi deneyimimizin kurucu kavramsallığını oluşturuyor. Yazının kalanı Husserl’e odaklanıp onu örnek bir apaçıklıkçı olarak ele alıyor.
165-185

REFERENCES

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