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Sözdizim ile Anlambilim Arasındaki Bağıntıya Türkçe Açısından Bir Bakış

On the Relationhips between Syntax and Semantics with regard to the Turkish Language

Journal Name:

  • Kaygı: Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2013

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
A belief commonly held in linguistics and philosophy is that semantics is defined by syntax. In this article, I will demonstrate that this does not hold true for Turkish. A fundamental syntactical rule builds around the successive order of words or speech units in a sentence. The order determines the meaning of the sentence, which in turn is rendered meaningless if the rule is not observed. In a given language, if a sentence retains meaning without this rule being applied, then the rule cannot be said to determine meaning. Turkish, with its mathematical structure, is one such language. In effect, the degree to which semantics is determined by syntax varies considerably from one language to the other. If meaning is constructed through dissimilar means in different languages, then it is not possible to talk about a single theory of meaningfulness valid for all languages. Each language is uniquely determined, and is a reflection of its proper cultural background. A theory of language must take into account this cultural framework. In this paper, I shall deal with a different way of constructing meaning whereby syntax does not determine semantics, and present the linguistic possibilities it gives rise to.
Abstract (Original Language): 
İnsan, duygu ve düşüncelerini dile getirebildiği gibi, çeşitli davranış biçimleriyle de ifade edebilir. Bu durum, dilbilimsel (linguistik) ve kültürel semiotiğin birlikte incelenmesi gerektiğini ortaya koyar. Dilin dilbilimsel yapısı ile kültürü arasında karşılıklı bir belirleme ilişkisi vardır. Bu nedenle bize yabancı bir dili konuşan bir insanın jestlerini, mimiklerini de anlamayız. Semiotiğin iki ana bölümü olan sözdizim (sentaks) ile anlambilim (semantik) arasında da bağıntı vardır. Ancak bu bağıntı, her dilde aynı değildir. Bu da bütün diller için geçerli bir anlam kuramının olamayacağını gösterir. Ben bu makalede, Türkçedeki bu bağıntı durumunu göz önüne alarak dil felsefesi açısından, özellikle anlamın belirlenmesi konusunda bazı yeni öneriler sunuyorum.
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