COMINTERN’S EASTERN POLICY AND IRAN (1919-1943)

The Communist International, or Comintern, was an international organization famous for its exceptional role in ideological, social and national liberation movements of the 20th century. With 25 years of political activities, the organization’s involvement was not confined to the social developments of the 1920s-30s; its subsequent activities were also remarkable for organization’s contribution to the elaboration of theoretical and political principles and the development of world political process. Set up in 1919 by adherents of Communist ideology – revolutionary wing of the international social-democratic movement, the organization played a part of “universal world revolutionary party” guided by principles of “world socialist revolution” both in its strategy and tactics. Note that the Comintern’s eastern policy was also based on the same principles. The 2nd Congress of Comintern adopted V. I. Lenin’s “Theses on Nationalities and Colonies Question” as theoretical basis for its eastern policy having submitted it to the Left and revolutionary organizations of the East as a program of action. The principles of this policy were based on Lenin’s theoretical concept on the transition of advanced proletariat-assisted backward countries to the Soviet system and subsequently to Communism, omitting Capitalism. To accomplish this strategic goal, it was essential to cope with 3 key tasks: to create local Communist Parties in eastern countries; to enter into temporary alliance with local national-liberation forces as a key factor in the struggle of eastern peoples against imperialist states and then transform them into Communist movement; to unite already – Sovietized Republics of the East into the Federation.