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1982 BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLER DENİZ HUKUKU SÖZLEŞMESİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE ÇEKİNCELER VE İHTİYARİ İSTİSNALAR

RESERVATIONS AND OPTIONAL EXCEPTIONS UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA OF 1982

Journal Name:

  • Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni

Publication Year:

  • 2011

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Reservations had been created in order to modify the legal effects of international treaties in favor of the states parties, and as a method, have been frequently applied to increase the number of the parties to a treaty. However, in some treaties, reservations are prohibited so as to protect the integrity of the treaties. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 is one of the treaties which prohibits the declarations of reservations. Nevertheless the optional exceptions declared under Article 298 changes the legal effects of some specific provisions of the 1982 Convention in favor of the declarant states. Therefore the legal character of the optional exceptions has to be examined. This article determines the legal features of optional exceptions stipulated under the article 298 by comparing them with reservations.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Çekinceler, devletlerin bir uluslararası andlaşmanın hukuki etkisini kendileri lehine değiştirme istekleri doğrultusunda ortaya çıkmış ve bir andlaşmaya, mümkün olduğunca çok devletin taraf olmasını sağlayabilmek için de sıklıkla başvurulan bir yöntem haline gelmişlerdir. Ancak kimi zaman, uluslararası andlaşmaların bütünlüğünü sağlayabilmek için bu andlaşmalara çekince ileri sürülmesi yasaklanmaktadır. Deniz alanlarının kullanımını son derece kapsamlı ve ayrıntılı hükümlerle düzenleyen 1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi de çekincelerin yasaklandığı bir andlaşmadır. Bununla birlikte Sözleşme’nin 298. maddesi çerçevesinde yapılan ihtiyari istisna beyanları, Sözleşme’nin belirli hükümlerinin hukuki etkisini, bu beyanları yapan taraflar lehine değiştirmektedir. Bu nedenle söz konusu beyanların hukuki niteliklerinin araştırılması gerekir. Bu makalede 1982 Sözleşmesi’nin 298. maddesinde düzenlenen ihtiyari istisnalar, çekincelerde karşılaştırılarak, ihtiyari istisnaların hukuki niteliği tespit edilmiştir.
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REFERENCES

References: 

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Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi’nde Çekinceler ve İstisnalar �27
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Uluslararası andlaşmaların metinleri, taraf statüleri ve bunlara ilişkin beyanlar hakkında bkz. http://treaties.un.org/(Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2011).
Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonu’nun çekincelere ilişkin raporları için bkz. http://www.un.org/law/ilc/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2011).
287 ve 298. madde çerçevesindeki beyanlar için bkz.http://www.un.org/Depts/los/settlement_of_disputes/choice_procedure.htm. (Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2011).
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations, Metin için bkz. http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/1_2_198... (Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2011).
International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999, Metin için bkz. http://treaties.un.org/doc/Treaties/1999/03/19990312%2009-14%20AM/Ch_XII....

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