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ZOR ZAMANLAR: OSCAR WILDE’IN “MUTLU PRENS” ADLI MASALINA MARXİST BİR BAKIŞ

‘WILDE’ TIMES: A MARXIST READING OF OSCAR WILDE’S “THE HAPPY PRINCE”

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DOI: 
10.5505/pausbed.2014.66588

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Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The aim of this article is to display the socially conscious stance of Oscar Wilde in the capitalist Victorian society with a deeper vision of it in his children’s stories, especially “The Happy Prince”. It is an indisputable fact that Wilde has always been associated with the aesthetic movement of ‘Art for Art’s Sake’, which supported the irresponsibility of the artist towards the reader or audience and defiance of moral obligations. However, Wilde’s major fairy tales seem to be contradicting with this claim with their deep moral code and veiled criticism of the present situation of the society. Oscar Wilde’s “The Happy Prince” tells, on the surface level, the romantic story of a golden statue of a prince and a little swallow in their struggle for helping the poor and the suppressed in their city. On a deeper level, the story takes a much more critical vision and functions as a Marxist criticism of the capitalist western ideologies. In this respect, the famous irresponsible aesthete of his time may be regarded as an employer of Marxist thinking with a moral purpose.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makalenin amacı, Oscar Wilde’ın, kapitalist Viktoria toplumunda gösterdiği sosyal bilince sahip duruşunu onun çocuk hikayelerinden “Mutlu Prens” bağlamında sergilemektir. Wilde’ın günümüze kadar her alanda ‘Sanat Sanat İçindir’ parolasını savunan ve sanatçının okuyucuya karşı yükümsüz olduğunu, aynı zamanda da ahlâkî açıdan bir zorunluluğu olamayacağını ileri süren estetik akımla özdeşleştirildiği su götürmez bir gerçektir. Ancak, Wilde’ın başlıca masalları, daha derin bir ahlâkî yükümlülük ve örtülü bir eleştiri boyutu ile bu iddiayla çelişir gibi görünmektedir. Oscar Wilde’ın “Mutlu Prens” adlı masalı görünürde, bir prensin altın heykeli ile bir küçük kırlangıçın, şehirlerinde yaşayan fakirlere ve ezilenlere yardım etme çabalarının romantik öyküsünü anlatır. Ancak, daha derin bir inceleme göstermektedir ki bu öykü batılı kapitalist ideolojilere karşı çok daha etkin bir eleştirel Marxist bakışa sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, zamanının sosyal konulardan uzak, ünlü estetik sanatçısı Wilde, ahlâkî amaçlar güden, Marxist düşüncenin bir savunucusu olarak da değerlendirilebilecektir.
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REFERENCES

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